Exhibit 13
| For Years Ended | ||||||||||
| December 31, | ||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||
| Consolidated statements of income | ||||||||||
| [Millions of dollars, except share and per-share amounts] | ||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 12,501 | $ | 13,835 | $ | 14,255 | ||||
| Cost of revenue | 6,256 | 6,466 | 6,996 | |||||||
| Gross profit | 6,245 | 7,369 | 7,259 | |||||||
| Research and development | 1,940 | 2,140 | 2,195 | |||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 1,614 | 1,680 | 1,697 | |||||||
| Restructuring expense | 254 | 52 | | |||||||
| Operating profit | 2,437 | 3,497 | 3,367 | |||||||
| Other income (expense) net | 44 | 195 | 258 | |||||||
| Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 2,481 | 3,692 | 3,625 | |||||||
| Provision for income taxes | 561 | 1,051 | 987 | |||||||
| Income from continuing operations | 1,920 | 2,641 | 2,638 | |||||||
| Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes | | 16 | 1,703 | |||||||
| Net income | $ | 1,920 | $ | 2,657 | $ | 4,341 | ||||
| Basic earnings per common share: | ||||||||||
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 1.47 | $ | 1.86 | $ | 1.73 | ||||
| Net income | $ | 1.47 | $ | 1.88 | $ | 2.84 | ||||
| Diluted earnings per common share: | ||||||||||
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 1.45 | $ | 1.83 | $ | 1.69 | ||||
| Net income | $ | 1.45 | $ | 1.84 | $ | 2.78 | ||||
| Average shares outstanding (millions): | ||||||||||
| Basic | 1,308 | 1,417 | 1,528 | |||||||
| Diluted | 1,324 | 1,446 | 1,560 | |||||||
| Cash dividends declared per share of common stock | $ | 0.41 | $ | 0.30 | $ | 0.13 | ||||
See accompanying notes.
[ 2 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
| For Years Ended | ||||||||||||||
| December 31, | ||||||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||||
| Consolidated statements of comprehensive income | ||||||||||||||
| [Millions of dollars] | ||||||||||||||
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 1,920 | $ | 2,641 | $ | 2,638 | ||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss): | ||||||||||||||
| Available-for-sale investments: | ||||||||||||||
| Unrealized gains (losses), net of tax benefit (expense) of $20, ($3) and ($2) | (38 | ) | 8 | 5 | ||||||||||
| Reclassification of recognized transactions, net of tax benefit (expense) | ||||||||||||||
| of $0, $0 and $0 | | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | |||||||||
| Net actuarial loss of defined benefit plans: | ||||||||||||||
| Annual adjustment, net of tax benefit (expense) of $282 and ($19) | (476 | ) | 5 | | ||||||||||
| Reclassification of recognized transactions, net of tax benefit (expense) | ||||||||||||||
| of ($17) and ($12) | 32 | 28 | | |||||||||||
| Prior service cost of defined benefit plans: | ||||||||||||||
| Annual adjustment, net of tax benefit (expense) of $1 and $2 | 14 | (2 | ) | | ||||||||||
| Reclassification of recognized transactions, net of tax benefit (expense) | ||||||||||||||
| of ($1) and $1 | 2 | 1 | | |||||||||||
| Minimum pension liability adjustment: | ||||||||||||||
| Annual adjustment, net of tax benefit (expense) of $0, $0 and ($33) | | | 48 | |||||||||||
| Total | (466 | ) | 39 | 52 | ||||||||||
| Total comprehensive income from continuing operations | 1,454 | 2,680 | 2,690 | |||||||||||
| Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes | | 16 | 1,703 | |||||||||||
| Total comprehensive income | $ | 1,454 | $ | 2,696 | $ | 4,393 | ||||||||
See accompanying notes.
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 3 ]
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | |||||||
| Consolidated balance sheets | ||||||||
| [Millions of dollars, except share amounts] | ||||||||
| Assets | ||||||||
| Current assets: | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 1,046 | $ | 1,328 | ||||
| Short-term investments | 1,494 | 1,596 | ||||||
| Accounts receivable, net of allowances | 913 | 1,742 | ||||||
| Inventories | 1,375 | 1,418 | ||||||
| Deferred income taxes | 695 | 654 | ||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 267 | 180 | ||||||
| Total current assets | 5,790 | 6,918 | ||||||
| Property, plant and equipment at cost | 7,321 | 7,568 | ||||||
| Less accumulated depreciation | (4,017 | ) | (3,959 | ) | ||||
| Property, plant and equipment, net | 3,304 | 3,609 | ||||||
| Long-term investments | 653 | 267 | ||||||
| Goodwill | 840 | 838 | ||||||
| Acquisition-related intangibles | 91 | 115 | ||||||
| Deferred income taxes | 990 | 510 | ||||||
| Capitalized software licenses, net | 182 | 227 | ||||||
| Overfunded retirement plans | 17 | 105 | ||||||
| Other assets | 56 | 78 | ||||||
| Total assets | $ | 11,923 | $ | 12,667 | ||||
| Liabilities and Stockholders Equity | ||||||||
| Current liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | 324 | $ | 657 | ||||
| Accrued expenses and other liabilities | 1,034 | 1,117 | ||||||
| Income taxes payable | 40 | 53 | ||||||
| Accrued profit sharing and retirement | 134 | 198 | ||||||
| Total current liabilities | 1,532 | 2,025 | ||||||
| Underfunded retirement plans | 640 | 184 | ||||||
| Deferred income taxes | 59 | 49 | ||||||
| Deferred credits and other liabilities | 366 | 434 | ||||||
| Total liabilities | 2,597 | 2,692 | ||||||
| Stockholders equity: | ||||||||
| Preferred stock, $25 par value. Authorized 10,000,000 shares. | ||||||||
| Participating cumulative preferred. None issued | | | ||||||
| Common stock, $1 par value. Authorized 2,400,000,000 shares. | ||||||||
| Shares issued: 2008 1,739,718,073; 2007 1,739,632,601 | 1,740 | 1,740 | ||||||
| Paid-in capital | 1,022 | 931 | ||||||
| Retained earnings | 21,168 | 19,788 | ||||||
| Less treasury common stock at cost. | ||||||||
| Shares: 2008 461,822,215; 2007 396,421,798 | (13,814 | ) | (12,160 | ) | ||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes | (790 | ) | (324 | ) | ||||
| Total stockholders equity | 9,326 | 9,975 | ||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders equity | $ | 11,923 | $ | 12,667 | ||||
See accompanying notes.
[ 4 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
| For Years Ended | ||||||||||||||
| December 31, | ||||||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||||
| Consolidated statements of cash flows | ||||||||||||||
| [Millions of dollars] | ||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 1,920 | $ | 2,657 | $ | 4,341 | ||||||||
| Adjustments to net income: | ||||||||||||||
| Income from discontinued operations | | (16 | ) | (1,703 | ) | |||||||||
| Depreciation | 1,022 | 1,022 | 1,052 | |||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | 213 | 280 | 332 | |||||||||||
| Amortization of acquisition-related intangibles | 37 | 48 | 59 | |||||||||||
| Losses (gains) on sales of assets | 6 | (39 | ) | | ||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | (182 | ) | 34 | (200 | ) | |||||||||
| Increase (decrease) from changes in: | ||||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | 865 | 40 | (116 | ) | ||||||||||
| Inventories | 43 | 11 | (248 | ) | ||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (125 | ) | 13 | (95 | ) | |||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued expenses | (382 | ) | 77 | (104 | ) | |||||||||
| Income taxes payable | 38 | 304 | (616 | ) | ||||||||||
| Accrued profit sharing and retirement | (84 | ) | 33 | 28 | ||||||||||
| Other | (41 | ) | (57 | ) | (274 | ) | ||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations | 3,330 | 4,407 | 2,456 | |||||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||||||||
| Additions to property, plant and equipment | (763 | ) | (686 | ) | (1,272 | ) | ||||||||
| Proceeds from sales of assets | | 61 | 3,000 | |||||||||||
| Purchases of short-term investments | (1,746 | ) | (5,035 | ) | (6,821 | ) | ||||||||
| Sales and maturities of short-term investments | 1,300 | 5,981 | 8,418 | |||||||||||
| Purchases of long-term investments | (9 | ) | (30 | ) | (40 | ) | ||||||||
| Sales of long-term investments | 55 | 11 | 11 | |||||||||||
| Acquisitions, net of cash acquired | (19 | ) | (87 | ) | (205 | ) | ||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities of continuing operations | (1,182 | ) | 215 | 3,091 | ||||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||||||||
| Payments on long-term debt | | (43 | ) | (586 | ) | |||||||||
| Dividends paid | (537 | ) | (425 | ) | (199 | ) | ||||||||
| Sales and other common stock transactions | 210 | 761 | 418 | |||||||||||
| Excess tax benefit from stock option exercises | 19 | 116 | 100 | |||||||||||
| Stock repurchases | (2,122 | ) | (4,886 | ) | (5,302 | ) | ||||||||
| Net cash used in financing activities of continuing operations | (2,430 | ) | (4,477 | ) | (5,569 | ) | ||||||||
| Cash flows from discontinued operations: | ||||||||||||||
| Operating activities | | | 7 | |||||||||||
| Investing activities | | | (16 | ) | ||||||||||
| Net cash used in discontinued operations | | | (9 | ) | ||||||||||
| Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | (282 | ) | 145 | (31 | ) | |||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | 1,328 | 1,183 | 1,214 | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | $ | 1,046 | $ | 1,328 | $ | 1,183 | ||||||||
See accompanying notes.
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 5 ]
| Accumulated | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Treasury | Other | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Common | Paid-in | Retained | Common | Comprehensive | |||||||||||||||||
| Stock | Capital | Earnings | Stock | Loss | |||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated statements of stockholders equity | |||||||||||||||||||||
| [Millions of dollars, except per-share amounts] | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2005 | $ | 1,739 | $ | 741 | $ | 13,394 | $ | (3,856 | ) | $ | (81 | ) | |||||||||
| 2006 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | | | 4,341 | | | ||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared on common stock ($.13 per share) | | | (199 | ) | | | |||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued on exercise of stock options | | (329 | ) | | 754 | | |||||||||||||||
| Stock repurchases | | | | (5,328 | ) | | |||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation transactions | | 332 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
| Tax benefit from exercise of options | | 146 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income, net of tax | | | | | 52 | ||||||||||||||||
| Adjustment for implementation of SFAS 158 (a) | | | (6 | ) | | (334 | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Other | | (5 | ) | (1 | ) | | | ||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2006 | 1,739 | 885 | 17,529 | (8,430 | ) | (363 | ) | ||||||||||||||
| 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | | | 2,657 | | | ||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared on common stock ($.30 per share) | | | (425 | ) | | | |||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued on exercise of stock options | 1 | (437 | ) | | 1,191 | | |||||||||||||||
| Stock repurchases | | | | (4,921 | ) | | |||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation transactions | | 280 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
| Tax benefit from exercise of options | | 204 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income, net of tax | | | | | 39 | ||||||||||||||||
| Adjustment for implementation of FIN 48 (b) | | | 29 | | | ||||||||||||||||
| Other | | (1 | ) | (2 | ) | | | ||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2007 | 1,740 | 931 | 19,788 | (12,160 | ) | (324 | ) | ||||||||||||||
| 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | | | 1,920 | | | ||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared on common stock ($.41 per share) | | | (537 | ) | | | |||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued on exercise of stock options | | (153 | ) | | 360 | | |||||||||||||||
| Stock repurchases | | | | (2,014 | ) | | |||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation transactions | | 213 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
| Tax benefit from exercise of options | | 31 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | | | | | (466 | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Other | | | (3 | ) | | | |||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2008 | $ | 1,740 | $ | 1,022 | $ | 21,168 | $ | (13,814 | ) | $ | (790 | ) | |||||||||
| (a) | Reflects the impact of recording the funded status of pension and other postretirement plans and the change in measurement date of non-U.S. pension plans (see Note 12). | |
| (b) | Reflects the impact of recording the reduction of the liability for uncertain tax positions and related accrued interest expense (see Note 5). | |
See accompanying notes.
[ 6 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
Notes to financial statements
1. Description of business and significant accounting policies and practices
Business: At Texas Instruments (TI), we design and make semiconductors that we sell to electronics designers and manufacturers all over the world. In the fourth quarter of 2008, we revised our internal reporting structure into three reportable segments, which are established along the major product categories of the former Semiconductor segment as follows:
Analog
consists of high-performance analog (includes standard power management
products, data converters, amplifiers and interface products) and high-volume
analog & logic,
Embedded Processing
consists of digital signal processors (DSPs) and microcontrollers used in
catalog, communications infrastructure and automotive applications,
and
Wireless consists of DSPs and
analog used in basebands, OMAP applications processors and connectivity
products for handsets.
In addition, we report the results of our remaining business activities in Other. Other primarily includes DLP® products, calculators, reduced-instruction set computing (RISC) microprocessors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC) products and royalties received for our patented technology that we license to other electronics companies. Prior period segment presentations have been revised to conform to our new reporting structure (see Note 17).
Acquisitions In the second quarter of 2008 we made two acquisitions,
both of which were integrated into the Analog segment, for net cash of $19
million, to obtain design expertise and technology. We recognized $2 million of
goodwill and $13 million of other acquisition-related intangible
assets.
During 2007, to obtain design expertise and technology, we made three
acquisitions, including an asset acquisition, for net cash of $87 million. The
asset acquisition was integrated into the Wireless segment and the remaining two
acquisitions were integrated into the Analog segment. We recognized $48 million
of goodwill and $45 million of other acquisition-related intangible
assets.
In
January 2006, we acquired 100 percent of the equity of Chipcon Group ASA
(Chipcon), a designer of short-range, low-power wireless radio frequency
semiconductors, based in Oslo, Norway, for net cash of $177 million. This
acquisition was integrated into the Analog segment. We recorded a $5 million
charge for in-process research and development (R&D) in 2006. We also
recognized $115 million of goodwill and $86 million of other acquisition-related
intangible assets, acquired $6 million of cash and assumed $29 million of other
net liabilities. We also made an asset acquisition, which was integrated into
Other, in the second quarter of 2006, primarily to obtain a patent
portfolio.
With the exception of the asset acquisitions, all acquisitions were
accounted for as purchase business combinations. The results of operations for
these acquisitions have been included in our consolidated statements of income
from the date of their respective acquisitions. Pro forma information has not
been presented for these acquisitions because it would not be materially
different from amounts reported.
Dispositions On July 31, 2007, we completed the sale of our broadband
digital subscriber line (DSL) customer-premises equipment semiconductor product
line, which was included in Other, to Infineon Technologies AG (Infineon) for
$61 million and recognized a pre-tax gain of $39 million in cost of revenue.
Based on the levels of revenue Infineon generated from this product line
subsequent to the closing date, we refunded to Infineon $16 million in the
fourth quarter of 2008, all of which was previously
accrued.
In
January 2006, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell substantially all
of our former Sensors & Controls segment, excluding the radio frequency
identification (RFID) systems operations, to an affiliate of Bain Capital, LLC
for $3 billion in cash. The sale was completed on April 27, 2006. The operations
and cash flows of the former Sensors & Controls business have been
eliminated from our continuing operations, and we have no continuing involvement
in the operations of that business. Beginning in the first quarter of 2006, the
former Sensors & Controls business has been presented as a discontinued
operation (see Note 6).
Basis of presentation: The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP). The basis of these financial statements is comparable for all periods presented herein, except for the adoption of:
- A new standard for income tax uncertainties as of January 1, 2007 (see Note 5), and
- A new standard on pensions and other postretirement benefits as of December 31, 2006 (see Note 12).
The
consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all subsidiaries. All
intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
All dollar amounts in the financial statements and tables in the notes, except
per-share amounts, are stated in millions of U.S. dollars unless otherwise
indicated. All amounts in the notes reference continuing operations unless
otherwise indicated. We have reclassified certain amounts in the prior periods
financial statements to conform to the 2008 presentation.
The preparation of financial
statements requires the use of estimates from which final results may
vary.
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 7 ]
Revenue
recognition: We recognize revenue from
sales of our products, including shipping fees, when title passes to the
customer, which usually occurs upon shipment or delivery, depending upon the
terms of the sales order and when collectibility is reasonably assured.
Estimates of product returns for quality reasons and of price allowances (based
on historical experience, product shipment analysis and customer contractual
arrangements) are recorded when revenue is recognized. Allowances include
discounts for prompt payment, as well as volume-based incentives and special
pricing arrangements. In addition, we record allowances for doubtful accounts
for amounts of accounts receivable that we estimate may not be
collected.
We recognize revenue from sales of our products to distributors, net of
allowances, consistent with the principles discussed above. Title transfers to
the distributors at delivery and payment is due on our standard commercial
terms; payment terms are not contingent upon resale of the products. We
calculate credit allowances based on historical data, current economic
conditions and contractual terms. For instance, we sell to distributors at
standard published prices, but we may grant them price adjustment credits in
response to individual competitive opportunities they may have. To estimate
allowances for this type of credit, we use statistical percentages of revenue,
determined quarterly, based upon recent historical adjustment
trends.
We also provide distributors an allowance to scrap certain slow-moving or
obsolete products in their inventory, estimated as a negotiated fixed percentage
of each distributors purchases from us. In addition, if we publish a new price
for a product that is lower than that paid by distributors for the same product
still remaining in each distributors on-hand inventory, we may credit them for
the difference between those prices. The allowance for this type of credit is
based on the identified product price difference applied to our estimate of each
distributors on-hand inventory of that product. We believe we can reasonably
and reliably estimate allowances for credits to distributors in a timely
manner.
Our
contractual agreements with intellectual property licensees determine the amount
and timing of royalty revenue. We recognize royalty revenue when earned under
the terms of the agreements and when we consider realization of payment to be
probable. Where royalties are based on a percentage of licensee sales of
royalty-bearing products, we recognize royalty revenue by applying this
percentage to our estimate of applicable licensee sales. We base this estimate
on historical experience and an analysis of licensees sales results. Where
royalties are based on fixed payment amounts, we recognize royalty revenue
ratably over the term of the royalty agreement. Where warranted, revenue from
licensees may be recognized on a cash basis.
We include shipping and handling
costs in cost of revenue.
Stock-based compensation: We have several stock-based employee compensation plans, which are more fully described in Note 3. We account for awards granted under those plans using the fair-value recognition provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment. We estimated fair values for non-qualified stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the weighted-average assumptions listed in Note 3.
Advertising costs: We expense advertising and other promotional costs as incurred. This expense was $123 million in 2008, $194 million in 2007 and $216 million in 2006.
Income taxes: We account for income taxes using an asset and
liability approach. We record the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the
current year and the deferred tax assets and liabilities for future tax
consequences of events that have been recognized in the financial statements or
tax returns. We record a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not
that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be
realized.
In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued FASB
Interpretation (FIN) No. 48, Accounting
for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - an Interpretation of FASB Statement No.
109. We adopted the provisions of FIN 48
effective January 1, 2007 (see Note 5).
Other assessed taxes: Some transactions require us to collect taxes such as sales, value-added and excise taxes from our customers. These transactions are presented in our statements of income on a net (excluded from revenue) basis.
[ 8 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
Earnings per share (EPS): The computation and reconciliation of earnings per common share from continuing operations are as follows (shares in millions):
| 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from | Income from | Income from | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Continuing | Continuing | Continuing | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Operations | Shares | EPS | Operations | Shares | EPS | Operations | Shares | EPS | |||||||||||||||
| Basic EPS | $ | 1,920 | 1,308 | $1.47 | $ | 2,641 | 1,417 | $1.86 | $ | 2,638 | 1,528 | $1.73 | |||||||||||
| Dilutives: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation plans | | 16 | | 29 | | 32 | |||||||||||||||||
| Diluted EPS | $ | 1,920 | 1,324 | $1.45 | $ | 2,641 | 1,446 | $1.83 | $ | 2,638 | 1,560 | $1.69 | |||||||||||
Options to purchase 123 million, 46 million and 93 million shares of common stock were outstanding during 2008, 2007 and 2006 that were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because their exercise price was greater than the average market price of the common shares and, therefore, the effect would be anti-dilutive.
Cash equivalents and short-term
investments: We consider investments in
debt securities with original maturities of three months or less to be cash
equivalents. We consider investments in liquid debt securities with maturities
beyond three months from the date of our investment as being available for use
in current operations, and include these investments in short-term
investments.
Investments in debt securities are classified as available for sale and
are stated at fair value, which is generally based on market prices or broker
quotes (see Note 10). Changes in fair value of these investments are recorded as
an increase or decrease, net of taxes, in accumulated other comprehensive income
(AOCI), except where losses are considered to be other-than-temporary, in which
case the losses are recorded in other income (expense) net
(OI&E).
Inventories: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or
estimated net realizable value. Cost is generally computed on a currently
adjusted standard cost basis, which approximates costs on a first-in first-out
basis. Standard costs are based on the normal utilization of installed factory
capacity. Costs associated with underutilization of capacity are expensed as
incurred.
We review inventory quarterly for salability and obsolescence. A specific
allowance is provided for inventory considered unlikely to be sold. Remaining
inventory includes a salability and obsolescence allowance based on an analysis
of historical disposal activity. We write-off inventory in the period in which
disposal occurs.
Property, plant and equipment and other capitalized costs: Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost and depreciated over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the remaining lease term or the estimated useful lives of the improvements. Acquisition-related intangibles are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated economic life of the assets. Capitalized software licenses generally are amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the license. Fully depreciated or amortized assets are written off against accumulated depreciation or amortization.
Impairments of long-lived assets: We regularly review whether facts or circumstances exist that indicate the carrying values of property, plant and equipment or intangible assets are impaired. We assess the recoverability of assets by comparing the projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with those assets to their respective carrying amounts. An impairment charge, if any, is based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of those assets. Fair value is determined by available market valuations, if applicable, or by discounted cash flows (DCF).
Long-term
investments: Long-term investments
consist of non-marketable equity securities, venture capital funds, mutual funds
and, beginning in the first quarter of 2008, auction-rate securities (debt
instruments with variable interest rates). We determine cost or amortized cost,
as appropriate, on a specific identification
basis.
Investments in marketable equity securities and auction-rate securities
are classified as available-for-sale and are stated at fair value (see Note 10).
Changes in the fair value of these investments are recorded as an increase or
decrease, net of taxes, in AOCI except where losses are considered to be
other-than-temporary, in which case losses are recorded in OI&E. We
generally consider marketable equity securities to be other-than-temporarily
impaired if they have traded below their cost basis for more than six months.
Auction-rate securities are considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired if
the fair value is below par value and full recovery of the value is not
anticipated during the period we expect to hold the
investment.
Investments in non-marketable equity securities consist of investments in
early stage development companies, are stated at historical cost and are subject
to a periodic impairment review. We record any impairment considered
other-than-temporary in OI&E.
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 9 ]
Investments in venture capital funds, consisting of limited partnership
interests, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting where we have
more than a 3 percent limited partnership interest, and under the cost method of
accounting where our limited partnership interest is less than 3 percent. For
our investments accounted for under the equity method, our proportionate share
of the net income or loss of the limited partnerships is recorded in OI&E.
Investments in venture capital funds are subject to a periodic impairment
review. We record any impairment considered other-than-temporary in
OI&E.
Investments in mutual funds are classified as trading securities and
stated at fair value. These mutual funds hold a variety of debt and equity
investments and are intended to generate returns that offset changes in certain
liabilities related to deferred compensation arrangements. We record adjustments
to fair value of both the mutual funds and the related deferred compensation
liabilities in selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expense (see Note
12 for a discussion of deferred compensation arrangements).
Goodwill and intangible
assets: Goodwill is not amortized but is
reviewed for impairment annually or more frequently if certain impairment
indicators arise. We complete our annual goodwill impairment tests as of October
1 for our reporting units. The test compares the fair value for each reporting
unit to its associated book value including goodwill. With the change in our
segment reporting structure, existing goodwill included in our former
Semiconductor segment was allocated to the applicable reporting units and tested
for impairment (see Note 11).
We amortize intangible assets on a straight-line basis
over their estimated lives, and write off fully amortized intangible assets
against accumulated amortization.
Foreign currency: The functional currency for our non-U.S. subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar. Accounts recorded in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are remeasured into the functional currency. Current assets (except inventories), deferred income taxes, other assets, current liabilities and long-term liabilities are remeasured at exchange rates in effect at the end of each reporting period. Inventories, and property, plant and equipment and depreciation thereon, are remeasured at historic exchange rates. Revenue and expense accounts other than depreciation for each month are remeasured at the appropriate daily rate of exchange. Net currency exchange gains and losses from remeasurement are credited or charged to OI&E.
Derivatives: We use derivative financial instruments to manage
exposure to foreign exchange risk. We do not apply hedge accounting to our
foreign currency derivative instruments. These instruments are primarily forward
foreign currency exchange contracts that are used as economic hedges to reduce
the adverse earnings impact exchange rate fluctuations may have on our non-U.S.
dollar net balance sheet exposures or for specified non-U.S. dollar forecasted
transactions. Gains and losses from changes in the fair value of these forward
foreign currency exchange contracts are credited or charged to
OI&E.
We do not use
derivatives for speculative or trading purposes.
Changes in accounting
standards: In September 2006, the FASB
issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value
Measurements, which provides guidance on
how to measure assets and liabilities recorded at fair value. SFAS 157 does not
expand the use of fair value to any new circumstances, but does require
additional disclosure in annual and quarterly reports. We adopted SFAS 157 and
its related amendments for financial assets and liabilities as of January 1,
2008 (see Note 10). SFAS 157 is effective for non-financial assets and
liabilities for us beginning January 1, 2009. We have evaluated the
non-financial assets and liabilities portion of the standard and expect it will
have no significant impact on our financial condition or results of
operations.
In October 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (FSP) FAS
157-3, Determining the Fair Value of a
Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset Is Not Active, which clarifies how companies should apply the fair
value measurement methodologies of SFAS 157 to financial assets whose markets
are illiquid or inactive. Under this FSP, companies may use their own
assumptions about future cash flows and risk-adjusted discount rates when
relevant observable inputs are either unavailable or based solely on transaction
prices that reflect forced liquidations or distressed sales. This FSP was
effective as of September 30, 2008. There was no impact to our financial
condition or results of operations from the adoption of this
FSP.
In
March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities An
Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133.
This standard applies to derivative instruments, nonderivative instruments that
are designated and qualify as hedging instruments and related hedged items
accounted for under SFAS 133. SFAS 161 does not change the accounting for
derivatives and hedging activities, but requires enhanced disclosure concerning
the effect on the financial statements from their use. SFAS 161 is effective for
us beginning January 1, 2009. Given our limited use of derivatives, we do not
expect our disclosures about the use of derivatives to be significantly impacted
by this standard.
In June 2008, the FASB issued FSP EITF 03-6-1, Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based
Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities. Under this standard, unvested awards of share-based
payments with rights to receive dividends or dividend equivalents, such as our
restricted stock units (RSUs), are considered participating securities for
purposes of calculating EPS as disclosed in the income statement. This FSP is
effective for us beginning January 1, 2009. All prior period EPS data presented
in financial reports after the effective date shall be adjusted retrospectively
to conform with this FSP. Early application is not permitted. We have evaluated
the potential impact of this standard and determined it will result in
insignificant adjustments to previously reported EPS amounts.
[ 10 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
In
December 2007, the FASB concurrently issued SFAS No. 141(R), Business Combinations, and SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling
Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements - an Amendment of ARB No.
51. SFAS 141(R) provides new guidance on
the recognition, measurement and subsequent accounting for assets acquired and
liabilities assumed in business combination transactions. In addition, SFAS
141(R) changes the accounting treatment for certain items in business
combinations, including, for example, expensing acquisition-related costs,
recording acquired contingent liabilities/assets at their acquisition-date fair
value and capitalization of in-process R&D costs. If an entity owns less
than a 100 percent ownership interest, SFAS 160 provides for the recognition,
measurement and subsequent accounting for non-controlling (i.e., minority)
interests included in an entitys consolidated financial statements. Both of
these standards require measurements based on fair value as determined under the
provisions of SFAS 157. In addition, both of these standards include expanded
disclosure requirements. They are effective prospectively for us for
transactions occurring on or after January 1, 2009. The impact that adoption of
SFAS 141(R) and SFAS 160 will have on our financial condition and results of
operations will depend on the specific terms of any applicable future
transactions.
In November 2008, the FASB ratified EITF Issue No.
08-6, Equity Method Investment Accounting
Considerations. EITF 08-6 resolves
several accounting issues that have arisen with the issuance of SFAS 141(R) in
applying the equity method of accounting, such as how to determine the initial
carrying value after an acquisition and how to assess an impairment in value of
the underlying assets of an equity method investment. This EITF will be
effective for us beginning January 1, 2009, consistent with the effective date
of SFAS 141(R) and SFAS 160. We are currently evaluating the potential impact
this standard will have on our financial condition and results of
operations.
In November 2008, the FASB ratified EITF Issue No. 08-7, Accounting for Defensive Intangible
Assets. EITF 08-7 provides guidance on
how to account for intangible assets acquired in a business combination, in
situations when the acquirer does not intend to actively use the assets but
intends to hold (or lock up) the assets to prevent competitors from obtaining
access to the assets. These are referred to as defensive intangible assets.
This EITF will be effective for defensive intangible assets acquired by us
beginning January 1, 2009, consistent with the effective date of SFAS 141(R).
The impact that adoption of this EITF will have on our financial condition and
results of operations will depend on the specific terms of any applicable future
business combinations.
In December 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS
132(R)-1, Employers Disclosures about
Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets. This
FSP provides guidance on an employers disclosures about plan assets of a
defined benefit pension or other postretirement plan, including disclosures
about investment policies and strategies, categories of plan assets, fair value
measurements of plan assets and significant concentrations of risk. These
disclosures will be required for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2009.
There will be no impact to our financial condition or results of operations from
the adoption of this FSP.
2. Restructuring activities
We record severance-related expenses
in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 112, Employers Accounting for Post-Employment
Benefits; SFAS No. 146, Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal
Activities and SFAS No. 88,
Employers Accounting for Settlements and
Curtailments of Defined Benefit Pension Plans and for Termination
Benefits. The determination of when we
accrue for involuntary severance costs and which standard applies depends on
whether the termination benefits are provided under an ongoing benefit
arrangement as described in SFAS 112 or under a one-time benefit arrangement as
defined by SFAS 146. We record involuntary severance-related expenses related to
an ongoing benefit arrangement in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 112
once they are probable and the amounts are estimable. One-time, involuntary
termination benefits are recorded under the provisions of SFAS No. 146 when the
benefits have been communicated to employees. Voluntary termination benefits are
accounted for under the provisions of SFAS No. 88 and are recorded when the
employee accepts the offered benefit
arrangement.
When the decision to commit to a restructuring plan requires an asset
impairment review, we evaluate such impairment issues under the provisions of
SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. Because the impairment is a direct result of the restructuring, the
impairment amount is included in the restructuring expense line item in the
income statement and is recorded as an adjustment of the basis of the asset, not
as a liability relating to a restructuring charge. When we commit to a plan to
abandon a long-lived asset before the end of its previously estimated useful
life, we accelerate the recognition of depreciation to reflect the use of the
asset over its shortened useful life. When an asset is to be sold, we write the
carrying value down to its net realizable value and cease
depreciation.
2008 and 2009
actions
In October 2008, we announced
actions that, when complete, will reduce annualized expenses by more than $200
million in our Wireless segment, especially our cellular baseband operation.
About 650 jobs are expected to be eliminated. The total restructuring charges
related to this action will be approximately $110 million and are expected to be
complete by June 2009.
In January 2009 we announced actions that include
employment reductions to align our spending with demand that has weakened in the
slowing economy. Our employment will be reduced 12 percent through 1,800 layoffs
and 1,600 voluntary retirements and departures. The total restructuring charges
for this action will be about $300 million and will continue through the third
quarter of 2009. Combined with the Wireless actions described above, our
annualized costs will be reduced by more than $700 million.
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 11 ]
In the
fourth quarter of 2008, we recognized $230 million in restructuring charges
related to these actions, which included $121 million for a portion of the
actions announced in January 2009 and $109 million for the Wireless actions
announced in October 2008. The restructuring costs consisted of $218 million for
severance and benefits costs and $12 million related to impairments of
long-lived assets. We also fully impaired $24 million of assets that were held
for sale related to a 2007 action discussed below.
As of December 31, 2008, $2 million
has been paid for these actions to terminated employees for severance and
benefits.
2007 actions
In January 2007, we announced plans to change how we
develop advanced digital manufacturing process technology. Instead of separately
creating our own core process technology, we work collaboratively with our
foundry partners to specify and drive the next generations of digital process
technology. Additionally, we stopped production at an older digital factory.
These actions are complete and as a result, about 300 jobs were eliminated by
year-end 2007.
Operating profit for 2007 included a charge of $52 million related to
these actions, which consisted of severance and benefits costs of $31 million
and acceleration of depreciation on the impacted facilities assets of $21
million. These amounts have been reclassified from cost of revenue ($37
million), R&D ($14 million) and SG&A ($1 million) to the restructuring
expense line on the income statement to conform to the 2008
presentation.
As of
December 31, 2008, $19 million has been paid for these actions to terminated
employees for severance and benefits.
3. Stock-based compensation
| 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense recognized: | ||||||||
| Cost of revenue | $ | 41 | $ | 53 | $ | 64 | ||
| Research and development | 62 | 83 | 101 | |||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 110 | 144 | 167 | |||||
| Total | $ | 213 | $ | 280 | $ | 332 | ||
These amounts include expense related
to non-qualified stock options, RSUs and to stock options offered under our
employee stock purchase plan.
We issue awards of non-qualified stock options generally
with graded vesting provisions (e.g., 25 percent per year for four years). In
such cases, we recognize the related compensation cost on a straight-line basis
over the minimum service period required for vesting of the award. For awards to
employees who are retirement eligible or nearing retirement eligibility, we
recognize compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the longer of the
service period required to be performed by the employee in order to earn the
award, or a six-month period.
We also issue RSUs, which generally vest four years after
the date of grant. In such cases, we recognize the related compensation costs on
a straight-line basis over the vesting period.
Fair value
assumptions:
We estimated the fair
values for non-qualified stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing
model with the following weighted-average assumptions:
| Long-term plans (a) | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||
| Weighted average grant date fair value, per share | $ | 8.86 | $ | 9.72 | $ | 11.82 | |||||
| Weighted average assumptions used: | |||||||||||
| Expected volatility | 31 | % | 28 | % | 34 | % | |||||
| Expected lives | 5.7 yrs | 5.6 yrs | 5.0 yrs | ||||||||
| Risk-free interest rates | 3.01 | % | 4.73 | % | 4.50 | % | |||||
| Expected dividend yields | 1.34 | % | 0.57 | % | 0.37 | % | |||||
(a) Includes stock options under the long-term incentive plans and the director plans.
[ 12 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
We determine expected volatility on
all options granted after July 1, 2005, using available implied volatility rates
rather than on an analysis of historical volatility. We believe that
market-based measures of implied volatility are currently the best available
indicators of the expected volatility used in these
estimates.
We determine expected lives of options based on the historical share
option exercise experience of our optionees using a rolling 10-year average. We
believe the historical experience method is the best estimate of future exercise
patterns currently available.
Risk-free interest rates are determined using the implied
yield currently available for zero-coupon U.S. government issues with a
remaining term equal to the expected life of the
options.
Expected dividend yields are based on the approved annual dividend rate
in effect and the current market price of our common stock at the time of grant.
No assumption for a future dividend rate change has been included unless there
is an approved plan to change the dividend in the near
term.
The
fair value per share of RSUs that we grant is determined based on the market
price of our common stock on the date of grant.
The TI Employees 2005 Stock Purchase
Plan is a discount-purchase plan and consequently, the Black-Scholes option
pricing model is not used to determine the fair value per share of these awards.
The fair value per share under this plan equals the amount of the
discount.
Long-term incentive and director
compensation plans
We have stock
options outstanding to participants under the Texas Instruments 2000 Long-Term
Incentive Plan, the Texas Instruments 2003 Long-Term Incentive Plan and the
Texas Instruments 1996 Long-Term Incentive Plan. No further options may be
granted under the 1996 plan. We also assumed stock options granted under the
Burr-Brown 1993 Stock Incentive Plan and the Radia Communications, Inc. 2000
Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan. Unless the options are acquisition-related
replacement options, the option price per share may not be less than 100 percent
of the fair market value of our common stock on the date of the grant.
Substantially all the options have a 10-year term and vest ratably over four
years. Our options generally continue to vest after the option recipient
retires.
We have RSUs outstanding under the 2000 Long-Term Incentive Plan and the
2003 Long-Term Incentive Plan. Each RSU represents the right to receive one
share of TI common stock on the vesting date, which is generally four years
after the date of grant. Upon vesting, the shares are issued without payment by
the grantee. RSUs generally do not continue to vest after the recipients
retirement date.
Under the 2000 Long-Term Incentive Plan, we may grant
stock options, including incentive stock options, restricted stock and RSUs,
performance units and other stock-based awards. The plan provides for the
issuance of 120,000,000 shares of TI common stock. In addition, if any
stock-based award under the 1996 Long-Term Incentive Plan terminates, any
unissued shares subject to the terminated award become available for grant under
the 2000 Long-Term Incentive Plan. No more than 13,400,000 shares of common
stock may be awarded as restricted stock, RSUs or other stock-based awards
(other than stock options) under the
plan.
Under
the 2003 Long-Term Incentive Plan, we may grant stock options (other than
incentive stock options), restricted stock and RSUs, performance units and other
stock-based awards to non-management employees. The plan provides for the
issuance of 240,000,000 shares of TI common stock. Executive officers and
approximately 200 managers are ineligible to receive awards under this
plan.
Under
our 2003 Director Compensation Plan, we may grant stock options, RSUs and other
stock-based awards to non-employee directors, as well as issue TI common stock
upon the distribution of stock units credited to deferred-compensation accounts
established for such directors. The plan provides for the annual grant of a
stock option to each non-employee director from January 2004 through 2010. For
the years 2001 through 2006, each grant was an option to purchase 15,000 shares
with an option price equal to fair market value on the date of grant. Effective
in 2007, the plan reduced the annual stock option grant to 7,000 shares and
included an annual grant of 2,500 RSUs to each non-employee director. Under the
plan, we also make a one-time grant of 2,000 RSUs to each new non-employee
director of TI. The plan provides for the issuance of 2,000,000 shares of TI
common stock.
Stock option and RSU transactions under the above-mentioned long-term incentive and director compensation plans (including assumed stock options granted under the Burr-Brown and Radia Communications, Inc. plans) during 2008 were as follows:
| Stock Options | Restricted Stock Units | ||||||||||||||
| Weighted | Weighted | ||||||||||||||
| Average Exercise | Average Grant-Date | ||||||||||||||
| Shares | Price per Share | Shares | Fair Value per Share | ||||||||||||
| Outstanding grants, December 31, 2007 | 185,967,331 | $ | 30.78 | 7,711,407 | $ | 28.75 | |||||||||
| Granted | 8,490,032 | 29.72 | 3,609,689 | 29.09 | |||||||||||
| Vested (RSUs) | | | (628,500 | ) | 32.05 | ||||||||||
| Forfeited | (3,286,978 | ) | 35.35 | (341,872 | ) | 30.05 | |||||||||
| Exercised | (8,705,307 | ) | 17.25 | | | ||||||||||
| Outstanding grants, December 31, 2008 | 182,465,078 | $ | 31.29 | 10,350,724 | $ | 28.63 | |||||||||
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 13 ]
The weighted average grant-date fair value of RSUs granted during the years 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $29.09, $29.46 and $31.36 per share. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the total fair value of shares vested from RSU grants was $20 million, $12 million and $13 million.
Summarized information about stock options outstanding under the various long-term plans mentioned above at December 31, 2008, is as follows:
| Stock Options Outstanding | Options Exercisable | ||||||||||||
| Range of | Number | Weighted Average | Weighted Average | Number | Weighted Average | ||||||||
| Exercise | Outstanding | Remaining Contractual Life | Exercise Price | Exercisable | Exercise Price | ||||||||
| Share Prices | (shares) | (years) | per Share | (shares) | per Share | ||||||||
| $ | .26 to 10.00 | 125,638 | 2.1 | $ | 3.32 | 125,638 | $ | 3.32 | |||||
| 10.01 to 20.00 | 27,250,890 | 4.0 | 16.20 | 27,225,448 | 16.20 | ||||||||
| 20.01 to 30.00 | 68,899,001 | 4.6 | 25.67 | 49,150,379 | 25.00 | ||||||||
| 30.01 to 40.00 | 54,957,846 | 4.8 | 33.11 | 45,895,224 | 33.24 | ||||||||
| 40.01 to 50.00 | 832,732 | 1.2 | 43.80 | 832,732 | 43.80 | ||||||||
| 50.01 to 84.32 | 30,398,971 | 1.5 | 54.03 | 30,398,971 | 54.03 | ||||||||
| $ | .26 to 84.32 | 182,465,078 | 4.1 | $ | 31.29 | 153,628,392 | $ | 31.73 | |||||
During the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the aggregate intrinsic value (i.e., the difference in the closing market price and the exercise price to be paid by the optionee) of options exercised under these plans was $110 million, $606 million and $419 million.
Summarized information as of December 31, 2008, about outstanding stock options that are vested and expected to vest, as well as stock options that are currently exercisable, is as follows:
| Outstanding Stock Options (Fully | Options | |||||
| Vested and Expected to Vest) (a) | Exercisable | |||||
| Number of outstanding (shares) | 181,409,594 | 153,628,392 | ||||
| Weighted average remaining contractual life | 4.1 years | 3.4 years | ||||
| Weighted average exercise price per share | $ | 31.30 | $ | 31.73 | ||
| Intrinsic value | $ | 3 | $ | 3 | ||
| (a) | Includes effects of expected forfeitures. Excluding the effects of expected forfeitures, the aggregate intrinsic value of stock options outstanding was $3 million. |
As of December 31, 2008, the total future compensation cost related to unvested stock options and RSUs not yet recognized in the statement of income was $131 million and $150 million. Of that total, $137 million, $90 million, $49 million and $5 million will be recognized in 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012.
Employee stock purchase
plan
Under the TI Employees 2005
Stock Purchase Plan, options are offered to all eligible employees in amounts
based on a percentage of the employees compensation. Under the plan, the option
price per share is 85 percent of the fair market value on the exercise date, and
options have a three-month term.
Options outstanding under the Plan at December 31, 2008,
had an exercise price of $13.64 per share (85 percent of the fair market value
of TI common stock on the date of automatic exercise). Of the total outstanding
options, none were exercisable at year-end 2008.
Employee stock purchase plan transactions during 2008 were as follows:
| Employee Stock | |||||||
| Purchase Plan | Weighted Average | ||||||
| (shares) (a) | Exercise Price | ||||||
| Outstanding grants, December 31, 2007 | 551,768 | $ | 27.50 | ||||
| Granted | 3,085,749 | 19.15 | |||||
| Exercised | (2,597,974 | ) | 23.12 | ||||
| Outstanding grants, December 31, 2008 | 1,039,543 | $ | 13.64 | ||||
| (a) | Excludes options offered but not granted. |
[ 14 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
The weighted average grant-date fair value of options granted under the employee stock purchase plans during the years 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $3.37, $5.10 and $4.68 per share. During the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the total intrinsic value of options exercised under the employee stock plans was $11 million, $11 million and $10 million.
Effect on shares outstanding and
treasury shares
Our practice is to
issue shares of common stock upon exercise of stock options generally from
treasury shares and, on a limited basis, from previously unissued shares. We
settled stock option plan exercises using treasury shares of 11,217,809 in 2008;
39,791,295 in 2007 and 26,602,306 in 2006; and previously unissued common shares
of 85,472 in 2008; 511,907 in 2007 and 49,100 in
2006.
Upon
vesting of RSUs, we issued treasury shares of 544,404 in 2008; 515,209 in 2007
and 128,578 in 2006; and previously unissued common shares of zero in 2008;
12,000 in 2007 and 279,082 in 2006.
Shares available for future grant and reserved for issuance are summarized below:
| As of December 31, 2008 | |||
| Long-term Incentive | |||
| and Director | TI Employees 2005 | ||
| Shares | Compensation Plans | Stock Purchase Plan | |
| Available for future grant | 207,593,706 | 34,945,485 | |
| Reserved for issuance | 400,526,959 | 35,985,028 | |
Effect on cash
flows
Cash received from the exercise
of options was $210 million in 2008, $761 million in 2007 and $418 million in
2006. The related net tax benefit realized was $31 million, $204 million and
$146 million (which includes excess tax benefits realized of $19 million, $116
million and $100 million) in 2008, 2007 and 2006.
4. Profit sharing plans
Profit sharing benefits are generally
formulaic and determined by one or more subsidiary or company-wide financial
metrics. We pay profit sharing benefits primarily under the company-wide TI
Employee Profit Sharing Plan. This plan provides for profit sharing to be paid
based solely on TIs operating margin for the full calendar year. Under this
plan, TI must achieve a minimum threshold of 10 percent operating margin before
any profit sharing is paid. At 10 percent operating margin, profit sharing will
be 2 percent of eligible payroll. The maximum amount of profit sharing available
under the plan is 20 percent of eligible payroll, which is paid only if TIs
operating margin is at or above 35 percent for a full calendar
year.
We
recognized $121 million, $180 million and $149 million of profit sharing expense
under the TI Employee Profit Sharing Plan in 2008, 2007 and 2006.
5. Income taxes
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
| U.S. | Non-U.S. | Total | |||||||
| 2008 | $ | 1,749 | $ | 732 | $ | 2,481 | |||
| 2007 | 2,738 | 954 | 3,692 | ||||||
| 2006 | 2,582 | 1,043 | 3,625 | ||||||
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 15 ]
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
| U.S. Federal | Non-U.S. | U.S. State | Total | ||||||||||||
| 2008: | |||||||||||||||
| Current | $ | 646 | $ | 89 | $ | 8 | $ | 743 | |||||||
| Deferred | (214 | ) | 43 | (11 | ) | (182 | ) | ||||||||
| Total | $ | 432 | $ | 132 | $ | (3 | ) | $ | 561 | ||||||
| 2007: | |||||||||||||||
| Current | $ | 823 | $ | 198 | $ | (4 | ) | $ | 1,017 | ||||||
| Deferred | (3 | ) | 37 | | 34 | ||||||||||
| Total | $ | 820 | $ | 235 | $ | (4 | ) | $ | 1,051 | ||||||
| 2006: | |||||||||||||||
| Current | $ | 885 | $ | 280 | $ | 22 | $ | 1,187 | |||||||
| Deferred | (198 | ) | 11 | (13 | ) | (200 | ) | ||||||||
| Total | $ | 687 | $ | 291 | $ | 9 | $ | 987 | |||||||
Principal reconciling items from income tax computed at the statutory federal rate follow:
| 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
| Computed tax at statutory rate | $ | 868 | $ | 1,292 | $ | 1,269 | ||||||
| Effect of non-U.S. rates | (197 | ) | (94 | ) | (80 | ) | ||||||
| Research and experimentation tax credits | (75 | ) | (69 | ) | (78 | ) | ||||||
| U.S. tax benefits for manufacturing and foreign sales | (18 | ) | (24 | ) | (106 | ) | ||||||
| Other | (17 | ) | (54 | ) | (18 | ) | ||||||
| Total provision for income taxes. | $ | 561 | $ | 1,051 | $ | 987 | ||||||
The primary components of deferred income tax assets and liabilities at December 31 were as follows:
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | |||||||
| Deferred income tax assets: | ||||||||
| Postretirement benefit costs recognized in AOCI | $ | 441 | $ | 185 | ||||
| Inventories and related reserves | 431 | 369 | ||||||
| Stock-based compensation | 294 | 245 | ||||||
| Accrued expenses | 366 | 363 | ||||||
| Deferred loss and tax credits | 207 | 159 | ||||||
| Investments | 53 | 35 | ||||||
| Other | 98 | 86 | ||||||
| 1,890 | 1,442 | |||||||
| Less valuation allowance | (2 | ) | (5 | ) | ||||
| 1,888 | 1,437 | |||||||
| Deferred income tax liabilities: | ||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment | (91 | ) | (122 | ) | ||||
| Intangibles | (16 | ) | (25 | ) | ||||
| Accrued retirement costs (defined benefit and retiree health care) | (140 | ) | (68 | ) | ||||
| Other | (15 | ) | (107 | ) | ||||
| (262 | ) | (322 | ) | |||||
| Net deferred income tax asset | $ | 1,626 | $ | 1,115 | ||||
[ 16 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, net
deferred income tax assets of $1.63 billion and $1.12 billion were presented in
the balance sheets, based on tax jurisdiction, as deferred income tax assets of
$1.69 billion and $1.16 billion and deferred income tax liabilities of $59
million and $49 million. The increase in net deferred income tax assets from
December 31, 2007, to December 31, 2008, exceeds the $182 million deferred tax
benefit primarily due to the recording of deferred tax assets associated with
postretirement benefit costs recognized in AOCI. We make an ongoing assessment
regarding the realization of U.S. and non-U.S. deferred tax assets. While these
assets are not assured of realization, our assessment is that a valuation
allowance is not required for the remaining balance of the deferred tax assets.
This assessment is based on our evaluation of relevant criteria including the
existence of (a) deferred tax liabilities that can be used to absorb deferred
tax assets, (b) taxable income in prior carryback years and (c) future taxable
income.
We
have aggregate U.S. and non-U.S. tax loss carryforwards of approximately $225
million, of which $59 million expire through the year
2025.
Provision has been made for deferred taxes on undistributed earnings of
non-U.S. subsidiaries to the extent that dividend payments from these
subsidiaries are expected to result in additional tax liability. The remaining
undistributed earnings (approximately $2.75 billion at December 31, 2008) have
been indefinitely reinvested; therefore, no provision has been made for taxes
due upon remittance of these earnings. It is not feasible to determine the
amount of unrecognized deferred tax liability on these unremitted
earnings.
Cash payments made for income taxes (net of refunds) were $772 million,
$733 million and $1.83 billion for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and
2006.
Uncertain tax positions: We operate in a number of tax jurisdictions and are subject to examination of our income tax returns by tax authorities in those jurisdictions who may challenge any item on these tax returns. Because the matters challenged by authorities are typically complex, their ultimate outcome is uncertain. We recognize accrued interest related to uncertain tax positions and penalties as components of OI&E. Effective January 1, 2007, we adopted the provisions of FIN 48. FIN 48 differs from the prior standards in that it requires companies to determine that it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained by the appropriate tax authorities before any benefit can be recorded in the financial statements.
The following table summarizes the changes in the total amounts of uncertain tax positions for 2008 and 2007:
| 2008 | 2007 | |||||||
| Balance, January 1 | $ | 137 | $ | 158 | ||||
| Additions based on tax positions related to the current year | 18 | 21 | ||||||
| Additions for tax positions of prior years | 17 | 39 | ||||||
| Reductions for tax positions of prior years | (24 | ) | (44 | ) | ||||
| Settlements with tax authorities | | (37 | ) | |||||
| Balance, December 31 | $ | 148 | $ | 137 | ||||
| Interest income (expense) recognized in the year ended December 31 | $ | (6 | ) | $ | 22 | |||
| Accrued interest as of December 31 | $ | 11 | $ | 1 | ||||
Of the $148 million liability for
uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2008, $121 million represents tax
positions that, if recognized, would impact the effective tax rate. If these tax
positions were recognized, $70 million of deferred tax assets primarily related
to the procedures for relief from double taxation would also be
recognized.
As of December 31, 2008, the statute of limitations remains open for U.S.
federal tax returns for 1999 and following years. Our returns for the years 2000
through 2006 are the subject of tax treaty procedures for relief from double
taxation; and our returns for the years 2003 through 2006 will be the subject of
an appeals proceeding in 2009. Cases currently before the United States Tax
Court could have an impact on the determination of our uncertain tax positions
and the outcome of the 2009 appeals proceeding. It is reasonably possible that
the appeals proceeding will be completed within the next 12
months.
In
foreign jurisdictions, the years open to audit represent the years still subject
to the statute of limitations. Years still open to audit by foreign tax
authorities in major jurisdictions include Germany (2003 onward), France (2006
onward), Japan (2001 onward) and Taiwan (2003
onward).
We
are unable to estimate the range of any reasonably possible increase or decrease
in uncertain tax positions that may occur within the next 12 months resulting
from the eventual outcome of the years currently under audit or appeal. However,
we do not anticipate any such outcome will result in a significant change to our
financial condition or results of operations.
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 17 ]
6. Discontinued operations
As discussed in Note 1, in 2006 we sold substantially all of our former Sensors & Controls segment.
The results of operations of our former Sensors & Controls business, which was renamed Sensata Technologies (Sensata), are presented as discontinued operations. The following summarizes results of the discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, included in the consolidated statements of income:
| 2007 | 2006 | ||||||
| Revenue | $ | | $ | 375 | |||
| Operating costs and expenses | 4 | 327 | |||||
| Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes | (4 | ) | 48 | ||||
| Provision (benefit) for income taxes | (3 | ) | 19 | ||||
| Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes | (1 | ) | 29 | ||||
| Gain on sale of discontinued operations | | 2,554 | |||||
| Provision (benefit) for income taxes | (17 | ) | 880 | ||||
| Gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of income taxes | 17 | 1,674 | |||||
| Total income from discontinued operations | $ | 16 | $ | 1,703 | |||
| Income from discontinued operations per common share: (a) | |||||||
| Basic | $ | 0.01 | $ | 1.11 | |||
| Diluted | $ | 0.01 | $ | 1.09 | |||
| (a) | EPS amounts from continuing and discontinued operations may not add to net income per share due to rounding. |
Total income from discontinued operations in 2007 includes an income tax benefit related to a reduction of a state tax liability associated with the sale.
7. Financial instruments and risk concentration
Financial
instruments: We have derivative
financial instruments of insignificant fair value as of December 31, 2008, such
as forward foreign currency exchange contracts, forward purchase contracts and
investment warrants. Our forward foreign currency exchange contracts outstanding
at December 31, 2008, had a notional value of $600 million to hedge our non-U.S.
dollar net balance sheet exposures (including $187 million to sell euros, $34
million to sell British pounds and $263 million to sell Japanese
yen).
Cash
equivalents, short-term investments, certain long-term investments and deferred
compensation liabilities are carried at fair value. The carrying values for
other current financial assets and liabilities, such as accounts receivable and
accounts payable, approximate fair value due to their short maturity.
Risk concentration: Financial instruments that could subject us to concentrations of credit risk are primarily cash and short-term investments and accounts receivable. In order to manage our credit risk exposure, we place cash investments in investment-grade debt securities and limit the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. We also limit counterparties on forward foreign currency exchange contracts to investment-grade-rated financial institutions.
Concentrations of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable are limited due to the large number of customers in our customer base and their dispersion across different industries and geographic areas. We maintain an allowance for losses based on the expected collectibility of accounts receivable. These allowances are deducted from accounts receivable on our balance sheets. Details of these allowances are as follows:
| Additions Charged | |||||||||||||
| Balance at | to Operating | Recoveries and | Balance at | ||||||||||
| Accounts Receivable Allowances | Beginning of Year | Results | Write-offs, Net | End of Year | |||||||||
| 2008 | $ | 26 | $ | 7 | $ | (3 | ) | $ | 30 | ||||
| 2007 | $ | 26 | $ | | $ | | $ | 26 | |||||
| 2006 | $ | 34 | $ | 2 | $ | (10 | ) | $ | 26 | ||||
[ 18 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
8. Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments
Details of our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investment balances are as follows:
| December 31, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||||||
| Cash and Cash | Short-term | Cash and Cash | Short-term | |||||||||
| Equivalents | Investments | Equivalents | Investments | |||||||||
| Corporate commercial paper, bonds, time deposits | $ | 50 | $ | 590 | $ | 100 | $ | 25 | ||||
| Asset-backed commercial paper | | | 457 | | ||||||||
| U.S. government agency securities | | 409 | 390 | | ||||||||
| U.S. Treasury securities | | 245 | | | ||||||||
| Money market funds | 796 | | 157 | | ||||||||
| Tax-exempt/municipal securities: | ||||||||||||
| Auction-rate securities | | | | 1,044 | ||||||||
| Tax-exempt bonds | | | | 35 | ||||||||
| Mortgage-backed securities government | ||||||||||||
| sponsored enterprise (GSE) guaranteed | | 139 | | 233 | ||||||||
| Mortgage-backed securities senior bonds | | 105 | | 241 | ||||||||
| Other | | 6 | | 18 | ||||||||
| Cash on hand | 200 | | 224 | | ||||||||
| Total | $ | 1,046 | $ | 1,494 | $ | 1,328 | $ | 1,596 | ||||
The primary objectives of our cash
equivalent and short-term investment activities are to preserve capital and
maintain liquidity while generating appropriate returns. Our investment policy
allows for only high-credit-quality securities. As of December 31, 2008, over 99
percent of our cash equivalents and short-term investments were either rated
AAA, Aaa or unconditionally guaranteed by a Aaa-rated U.S. government sponsored
enterprise (GSE). The value and liquidity of these securities are generally
affected by market interest rates, as well as the ability of the issuer to make
principal and interest payments when due and the normal functioning of the
markets in which they are traded. There were no material impairments of
short-term investments or cash equivalents in the periods
presented.
As of December 31, 2008, our cash equivalents included investments in
corporate obligations guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
(FDIC) and in money market funds. Our short-term investments included corporate
obligations guaranteed by the FDIC or the Debt Management Office of the United
Kingdom, discount notes issued by U.S. government agencies, U.S. Treasury
securities and mortgage-backed securities. All of the mortgage-backed securities
we held as of December 31, 2008, were either Aaa-rated or unconditionally
guaranteed by a Aaa-rated U.S.
GSE.
As of
December 31, 2007, we held $1.04 billion of auction-rate securities at par
value, which was equal to fair value as of that date. During the first quarter
of 2008, we sold $473 million of these auction-rate securities at par through
the normal auction process. Beginning in mid-February 2008, liquidity issues in
the global credit markets caused the failure of auctions and uncertainty
regarding the liquidity of these securities. As a result, beginning in the first
quarter of 2008, we reclassified our investments in auction-rate securities with
a par value of $571 million from short-term investments to long-term investments
(see Note 9).
The following table presents the aggregate maturities of cash equivalents and short-term investments at year-end 2008:
| Due | Fair Value | ||
| One year or less | $ | 2,015 | |
| One to three years | 75 | ||
| Investments with serial maturities (primarily mortgage-backed securities) | 250 | ||
Gross unrealized gains on cash equivalents and short-term investments were $6 million for the year ending December 31, 2008. There were no gross unrealized gains on cash equivalents and short-term investments for the years ending December 31, 2007 and 2006. Gross unrealized losses were $19 million, $14 million and $23 million, respectively, for these time periods. Unrealized losses for the years ending December 31, 2008 and 2007 were primarily associated with mortgage-backed securities that have been in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months. Unrealized gains and losses resulted from changes in market interest rates and risk premiums rather than changes in the credit quality of the securities. We have determined that our investment in these cash equivalents and short-term investments are not other-than-temporarily impaired, as we have the ability and intent to hold these investments until their value can be recovered, which may include holding them to their respective maturity dates.
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 19 ]
Proceeds from sales of these securities prior to their scheduled maturity were $1.76 billion, $2.12 billion and $5.34 billion in 2008, 2007 and 2006. Gross realized gains and losses from the sales of these securities were not significant for any periods presented.
9. Long-term investments
Details of long-term investments are as follows:
| December 31, | ||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | |||||
| Equity investments: | ||||||
| Marketable | $ | | $ | 7 | ||
| Non-marketable | 19 | 44 | ||||
| Venture capital funds: | ||||||
| Equity method | 53 | 65 | ||||
| Cost method | 3 | 3 | ||||
| Mutual funds | 96 | 148 | ||||
| Auction-rate securities | 482 | | ||||
| Total | $ | 653 | $ | 267 | ||
There were $9 million, $6 million and
$6 million of gross realized gains and no gross realized losses from sales of
long-term investments in 2008, 2007 and 2006. Other-than-temporary declines and
impairments in the values of long-term investments recognized in OI&E were
$10 million, $18 million and $8 million in 2008, 2007 and
2006.
Our
long-term investments include auction-rate securities, which are debt
instruments with variable interest rates that historically would periodically
reset through an auction process. As of December 31, 2008, we held $482 million
($535 million par value) of auction-rate securities. The $53 million difference
between fair value and par value is considered temporary and is recorded as an
unrealized loss, net of taxes, in AOCI. We have determined that our investments
in auction-rate securities are not other-than-temporarily impaired, as we have
the ability and intent to hold these investments until their value can be
recovered, which may include holding them to their respective maturity
dates.
Since mid-February 2008, conditions in global credit markets have caused
the failure of auctions for most auction-rate securities, including those we
hold, because the amount of securities submitted for sale in those auctions
exceeded the amount of bids. A failed auction is not a default by the issuer of
the security. When auctions are not successful, the interest rate moves to a
maximum rate defined for each security, and is generally reset periodically at a
level higher than defined short-term interest benchmarks. To date, we have
collected all interest on all of our auction-rate securities when due, and we
expect to continue to do so in the future. The principal associated with failed
auctions will not be accessible until successful auctions resume, a buyer is
found outside of the auction process or issuers use a different form of
financing to replace these securities. Meanwhile, issuers continue to repay
principal over time from cash flows prior to final maturity, or make final
payments when they come due according to contractual maturities ranging from 14
to 39 years. We understand that issuers and financial markets are working on
alternatives that may improve liquidity, but it is not clear when or to what
extent such efforts will be successful. We expect that we will receive the
principal associated with our auction-rate securities through one of the means
described above.
Since the failure of the auctions in February 2008, $36 million of our
auction-rate securities have been redeemed by the issuers at par. Of these
redemptions, $15 million involved securities classified as Level 2 for purposes
of determining fair value, with the remaining $21 million classified as Level 3
(see Note 10).
As of December 31, 2008, $500 million par value of our auction-rate
securities are backed by pools of student loans guaranteed by the U.S.
Department of Education and, based on this guarantee, we continue to believe
that the credit quality of these securities is high. As of December 31, 2008,
these securities were all rated AAA/Aaa by the major credit rating agencies. The
remaining $35 million par value of our auction-rate securities are covered by
bond insurance and were rated Aa3 by Moodys as of December 31,
2008.
Subsequent to year end, $3 million
of our auction-rate securities were redeemed at par in January
2009.
While
our ability to liquidate our auction-rate investments is likely to be limited
for some period of time, we do not believe this will materially impact our
ability to fund our working capital needs, capital expenditures, dividend
payments or other business requirements.
[ 20 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
10. Fair value measurement
As discussed in Note 1, effective January 1, 2008, we adopted SFAS 157 for measuring and reporting financial assets and liabilities at fair value. SFAS 157 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date.
SFAS 157 establishes a three-level disclosure hierarchy to indicate the level of judgment used to estimate fair value measurements:
Level 1 Uses unadjusted quoted prices that are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date.
Level 2 Uses inputs other than Level 1 that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date through correlation with market data, including quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets and quoted prices in markets that are not active. Level 2 also includes assets and liabilities valued using models or other pricing methodologies that do not require significant judgment because the input assumptions used in the models, such as interest rates and volatility factors, are corroborated by readily observable data.
Level 3 Uses inputs that are unobservable, supported by little or no market activity and reflect significant management judgment. These values are generally determined using pricing models that utilize managements estimates of market participant assumptions.
Investments in auction-rate securities are our only Level
3 assets. In the first quarter of 2008, these assets were transferred from Level
2 because quoted prices from broker-dealers were unavailable due to events
described in Note 9. As a result, we use a DCF model to determine the estimated
fair value of these investments. Assumptions used in preparing this model
include estimates for the amount and timing of future interest and principal
payments, and the rate of return required by investors to own these securities
in the current environment. In making these assumptions, we considered relevant
factors including: the formula for each security that defines the interest rate
paid to investors in the event of a failed auction; forward projections of the
interest rate benchmarks specified in such formulas; the likely timing of
principal repayments; the probability of full repayment considering the
guarantees by the U.S. Department of Education of the underlying student loans,
guarantees by other third parties, and additional credit enhancements provided
through other means; and, publicly available pricing data for recently traded
student loan asset-backed securities that are not subject to auctions. Our
estimate of the rate of return required by investors to own these securities
also considers the current reduced liquidity for auction-rate
securities.
The table below sets forth, by level, our financial assets and
liabilities that were accounted for at fair value as of December 31, 2008. The
table does not include either cash on hand or assets and liabilities that are
measured at historical cost or any basis other than fair value.
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 21 ]
| Portion of Carrying Value | ||||||||||||
| Measured at Fair Value | ||||||||||||
| Dec. 31, 2008 | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |||||||||
| Items measured at fair value on a recurring basis: | ||||||||||||
| Cash equivalents: | ||||||||||||
| Corporate obligations guaranteed by FDIC | $ | 50 | $ | | $ | 50 | $ | | ||||
| Money market funds | 796 | 796 | | | ||||||||
| Short-term investments: | ||||||||||||
| Corporate obligations guaranteed by FDIC | 435 | | 435 | | ||||||||
| Corporate obligations guaranteed by U.K. government | 155 | | 155 | | ||||||||
| U.S. government agency and Treasury securities | 654 | 654 | | | ||||||||
| Mortgage-backed securities GSE guaranteed | 139 | | 139 | | ||||||||
| Mortgage-backed securities senior bonds | 105 | | 105 | | ||||||||
| Other | 6 | | 6 | | ||||||||
| Long-term investments: | ||||||||||||
| Auction-rate securities | 482 | | | 482 | ||||||||
| Mutual funds | 96 | 96 | | | ||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 2,918 | $ | 1,546 | $ | 890 | $ | 482 | ||||
| Deferred credits and other liabilities: | ||||||||||||
| Deferred compensation liabilities | $ | 138 | $ | 138 | $ | | $ | | ||||
Changes in fair value during the period (pre-tax)
| Level 3 | |||||
| Balance, December 31, 2007 | $ | | |||
| Transfers into Level 3 | 556 | ||||
| Unrealized loss included in AOCI | (53 | ) | |||
| Redemptions at par | (21 | ) | |||
| Balance, December 31, 2008 | $ | 482 | |||
11. Goodwill and other acquisition-related intangibles
As a result of changing our segment reporting structure, we allocated all goodwill related to the former Semiconductor reporting unit to our new reporting units for the purpose of testing goodwill for possible impairment.
Goodwill was allocated to the reporting units based on their relative fair values. Balances as of December 31, 2008, by segment are as follows:
| Embedded | |||||||||||||||
| Analog | Processing | Wireless | Other | Total | |||||||||||
| Goodwill | $ | 567 | $ | 157 | $ | 82 | $ | 34 | $ | 840 | |||||
There was no impairment of goodwill
during 2008 or 2007. The goodwill balances shown on our balance sheets are net
of total accumulated amortization of $221 million at year-end 2008 and
2007.
In
2008 and 2007, we recognized intangible assets associated with acquisitions we
made during the year of $13 million and $45 million, respectively, primarily for
developed technology, to be amortized over three to five
years.
There were no significant in-process R&D charges associated with 2008
or 2007 acquisitions. In 2006 we recorded a $5 million charge for in-process
R&D as a result of the acquisition of Chipcon.
[ 22 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
The following table shows the components of acquisition-related intangible assets that are subject to amortization:
| December 31, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Gross | Gross | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization | Carrying | Accumulated | Carrying | Accumulated | ||||||||||||||||
| Period | Amount | Amortization | Net | Amount | Amortization | Net | ||||||||||||||
| Acquisition-related intangibles: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Developed technology | 310 years | $ | 124 | $ | 60 | $ | 64 | $ | 141 | $ | 60 | $ | 81 | |||||||
| Other intangibles | 27 years | 47 | 20 | 27 | 58 | 24 | 34 | |||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 171 | $ | 80 | $ | 91 | $ | 199 | $ | 84 | $ | 115 | ||||||||
Amortization of acquisition-related intangibles was $37 million, $48 million and $59 million for 2008, 2007 and 2006, primarily related to developed technology. Fully amortized intangible assets are written off against accumulated amortization.
The following table sets forth the estimated amortization of acquisition-related intangibles for the years ended December 31:
| 2009 | $ | 33 |
| 2010 | 32 | |
| 2011 | 16 | |
| 2012 | 7 | |
| 2013 | 3 |
12. Postretirement benefit plans
On December 31, 2006, we adopted the recognition and disclosure provisions of SFAS No. 158, Employers Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans - an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R). SFAS 158 requires us to recognize the funded status (i.e., the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligations) of our defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plans on our balance sheet. Previously unrecognized net actuarial losses and prior service costs are reflected in AOCI, net of tax, and continue to be recognized in future periods as a component of net periodic benefit cost. Actuarial gains and losses and prior service costs that arise in periods subsequent to December 31, 2006, are not recognized as part of net periodic benefit cost in the period incurred but are recognized as a component of other comprehensive income. These amounts are subsequently recognized as a component of future net periodic benefit cost consistent with our past practice. We measure plan assets at fair value in accordance with SFAS 157, Fair Value Measurements.
Plan descriptions: We have various employee retirement plans including defined benefit, defined contribution and retiree health care benefit plans. For qualifying employees, we offer deferred compensation arrangements.
U.S. retirement
plans:
Principal retirement plans in
the U.S are qualified and non-qualified defined benefit pension plans (all of
which closed to new participants after November 1997), a defined contribution
plan and an enhanced defined contribution
plan.
Both
defined contribution plans offer an employer-matching savings option that allows
employees to make pre-tax contributions to various investment choices, including
a TI common stock fund. Employees who remain in the qualified defined benefit
pension plan may also participate in the defined contribution plan, where
employer-matching contributions are provided for up to 2 percent of the
employees annual eligible earnings. Employees who elected not to remain in the
defined benefit pension plan, and employees hired after November 1997 and
through December 31, 2003, may participate in the enhanced defined contribution
plan. This plan provides for a fixed employer contribution of 2 percent of the
employees annual eligible earnings, plus an employer-matching contribution of
up to 4 percent of the employees annual eligible earnings. Employees hired
after December 31, 2003, do not receive the fixed employer contribution of 2
percent of the employees annual eligible
earnings.
At December 31, 2008 and 2007, as a result of employees elections, TIs
U.S. defined contribution plans held shares of TI common stock totaling 32
million shares and 33 million shares valued at $494 million and $1.11 billion.
Dividends paid on these shares for 2008 and 2007 totaled $14 million and $11
million.
Our aggregate expense for employees under the U.S. defined contribution
plans was $56 million in each of 2008, 2007 and 2006.
Benefits under the qualified defined
benefit pension plan are determined using a formula based upon years of service
and the highest five consecutive years of compensation. We intend to contribute
amounts to this plan to meet the minimum funding requirements of federal laws
and regulations plus such additional amounts as we deem appropriate. The
non-qualified plans are unfunded and closed to new participants.
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 23 ]
During 2008 and 2007, the U.S. defined benefit plans made $70 million and $45 million in total benefit payments, of which $16 million in 2008 were accounted for as plan settlements. The majority of the settlements were attributed to the non-qualified plan. During 2008 we made a $100 million contribution to the qualified pension plan. There were no contributions to this plan in 2007; however, we did make payments from non-plan assets related to our non-qualified plans of $12 million in 2008 and $3 million in 2007.
U.S. retiree health care benefit
plan:
We offer most of our U.S.
employees access to group medical coverage during their retirement. We make a
contribution toward the cost of those retiree medical benefits for certain
retirees and their dependents. The contribution rates are based upon various
factors, the most important of which are an employees date of hire, date of
retirement, years of service and eligibility for Medicare benefits. The balance
of the cost is borne by the plans participants. Employees hired after January
1, 2001, are responsible for the full cost of their medical benefits during
retirement. During 2008 and 2007 we made contributions to the retiree health
care related trusts of $50 million, and $10 million. In addition, we made
benefit payments each year of approximately $1 million from non-plan
assets.
Non-U.S. retirement
plans:
We provide retirement coverage
for non-U.S. employees, to the extent we deem appropriate, through separate
defined benefit and defined contribution plans. Retirement benefits are
generally based on an employees years of service and compensation. Funding
requirements are determined on an individual country and plan basis and are
subject to local country practices and market circumstances. During 2008 and
2007 we contributed $87 million and $77 million to our non-U.S. retirement
plans.
As
of December 31, 2008 and 2007, as a result of employees elections, TIs
non-U.S. defined contribution plans held 636,983 shares of TI common stock
valued at $10 million and 601,115 shares valued at $20 million. Dividends paid
on these shares for 2008 and 2007 were not significant.
Effect on the statements of income and balance sheets
Expense related to defined benefit and retiree health care benefit plans was as follows:
| Non-U.S. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Defined Benefit | U.S. Retiree Health Care | Defined Benefit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Service cost | $ | 25 | $ | 24 | $ | 26 | $ | 4 | $ | 4 | $ | 4 | $ | 49 | $ | 46 | $ | 44 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Interest cost | 49 | 43 | 45 | 28 | 25 | 25 | 60 | 52 | 46 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Expected return on plan assets | (45 | ) | (47 | ) | (45 | ) | (27 | ) | (26 | ) | (21 | ) | (83 | ) | (73 | ) | (66 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of prior service cost | 1 | | | 2 | 2 | 2 | (3 | ) | (3 | ) | (3 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Recognized net actuarial loss | 16 | 20 | 21 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 9 | 13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net periodic benefit cost | 46 | 40 | 47 | 15 | 11 | 16 | 28 | 31 | 34 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Settlement charges | 7 | 2 | 26 | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Curtailment charges | 1 | | | 11 | 1 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Special termination benefit charges | 18 | 3 | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total, including charges | $ | 72 | $ | 45 | $ | 73 | $ | 26 | $ | 12 | $ | 16 | $ | 28 | $ | 31 | $ | 34 | ||||||||||||||||||
For the U.S. qualified pension and retiree health care plans, the expected return on plan assets component of net periodic benefit cost is based upon a market-related value of assets. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the market-related value of assets generally utilizes a smoothing technique whereby certain gains and losses are phased in over a period of three years.
[ 24 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
Changes in the benefit obligations and plan assets for the defined benefit and retiree health care benefit plans were as follows:
| U.S. Defined Benefit | U.S. Retiree Health Care | Non-U.S. Defined Benefit | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Change in plan benefit obligation: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Benefit obligation at beginning of year | $ | 837 | $ | 788 | $ | 470 | $ | 444 | $ | 1,683 | $ | 1,695 | ||||||||||||
| Service cost | 25 | 24 | 4 | 4 | 49 | 46 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Interest cost | 49 | 43 | 28 | 25 | 60 | 52 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Participant contributions | | | 17 | 16 | 4 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Benefits paid | (54 | ) | (45 | ) | (46 | ) | (48 | ) | (59 | ) | (45 | ) | ||||||||||||
| Medicare subsidy | | | 3 | 4 | | | ||||||||||||||||||
| Plan amendments | | 5 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
| Actuarial (gain) loss | 21 | 19 | (36 | ) | 25 | 1 | (129 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Settlements | (16 | ) | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||
| Curtailments | (13 | ) | | 9 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
| Special termination benefits | 18 | 3 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
| Effects of exchange rate changes | | | | | 195 | 61 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Benefit obligation at end of year (BO) | $ | 867 | $ | 837 | $ | 449 | $ | 470 | $ | 1,933 | $ | 1,683 | ||||||||||||
| Change in plan assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year | $ | 815 | $ | 796 | $ | 399 | $ | 401 | $ | 1,686 | $ | 1,566 | ||||||||||||
| Actual return on plan assets | (92 | ) | 61 | (80 | ) | 19 | (368 | ) | 21 | |||||||||||||||
| Employer contributions (funding of qualified plan) | 100 | | 50 | 10 | 87 | 77 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Employer contributions (payments for non-qualified | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| plans) | 12 | 3 | 1 | 1 | | | ||||||||||||||||||
| Participant contributions | | | 17 | 16 | 4 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Benefits paid | (54 | ) | (45 | ) | (46 | ) | (48 | ) | (59 | ) | (45 | ) | ||||||||||||
| Settlements | (16 | ) | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||
| Effects of exchange rate changes | | | | | 163 | 64 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fair value of plan assets at end of year (FVPA) | $ | 765 | $ | 815 | $ | 341 | $ | 399 | $ | 1,513 | $ | 1,686 | ||||||||||||
| Funded status (FVPA BO) at end of year | $ | (102 | ) | $ | (22 | ) | $ | (108 | ) | $ | (71 | ) | $ | (420 | ) | $ | 3 | |||||||
Amounts recognized on the balance sheet as of December 31, 2008:
| U.S. Defined Benefit | U.S. Retiree Health Care | Non-U.S. Defined Benefit | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
| Overfunded retirement plans | $ | | $ | | $ | 17 | $ | 17 | |||||||||||||
| Accrued profit sharing and retirement | (4 | ) | | (3 | ) | (7 | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Underfunded retirement plans | (98 | ) | (108 | ) | (434 | ) | (640 | ) | |||||||||||||
| Funded status (FVPA BO) at end of year | $ | (102 | ) | $ | (108 | ) | $ | (420 | ) | $ | (630 | ) | |||||||||
| Amounts recognized on the balance sheet as of December 31, 2007: | |||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Defined Benefit | U.S. Retiree Health Care | Non-U.S. Defined Benefit | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
| Overfunded retirement plans | $ | 19 | $ | | $ | 86 | $ | 105 | |||||||||||||
| Accrued profit sharing and retirement | (6 | ) | | (5 | ) | (11 | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Underfunded retirement plans | (35 | ) | (71 | ) | (78 | ) | (184 | ) | |||||||||||||
| Funded status (FVPA BO) at end of year | $ | (22 | ) | $ | (71 | ) | $ | 3 | $ | (90 | ) | ||||||||||
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 25 ]
The preceding tables present aggregate information for all plans reported. The following table presents the obligation and asset information for only those defined benefit plans that have either projected benefit obligations in excess of plan assets or accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets.
| U.S. Defined Benefit | Non-U.S. Defined Benefit | |||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
| Plans with projected benefit obligations greater than assets: | ||||||||||||
| Projected benefit obligations | $ | 867 | $ | 42 | $ | 1,729 | $ | 141 | ||||
| Plan assets | 765 | | 1,292 | 58 | ||||||||
| Plans with accumulated benefit obligations greater than assets: | ||||||||||||
| Accumulated benefit obligations | $ | 31 | $ | 34 | $ | 1,513 | $ | 93 | ||||
| Plan assets | | | 1,279 | 41 | ||||||||
Accumulated benefit obligations were $783 million and $764 million at year-end 2008 and 2007 for the U.S. defined benefit plans, and $1.71 billion and $1.48 billion at year-end 2008 and 2007 for the non-U.S. defined benefit plans.
The amounts recorded in AOCI for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, are detailed below by plan type:
| U.S. Retiree | Non-U.S. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Defined Benefit | Health Care | Defined Benefit | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net | Prior | Net | Prior | Net | Prior | Net | Prior | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Actuarial | Service | Actuarial | Service | Actuarial | Service | Actuarial | Service | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss | Cost | Loss | Cost | Loss | Cost | Loss | Cost | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AOCI balance, December 31, 2007 (net of tax) | $ | 95 | $ | 4 | $ | 95 | $ | 11 | $ | 134 | $ | (20 | ) | $ | 324 | $ | (5 | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Changes in AOCI by category in 2008: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Annual adjustments | 158 | | 72 | | 528 | (13 | ) | 758 | (13 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reclassification of recognized transactions | (36 | ) | (2 | ) | (8 | ) | (4 | ) | (5 | ) | 3 | (49 | ) | (3 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
| Less tax (benefit) expense | (43 | ) | | (22 | ) | 1 | (200 | ) | (1 | ) | (265 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total change to AOCI in 2008 | 79 | (2 | ) | 42 | (3 | ) | 323 | (11 | ) | 444 | (16 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| AOCI Balance, December 31, 2008 (net of tax) | $ | 174 | $ | 2 | $ | 137 | $ | 8 | $ | 457 | $ | (31 | ) | $ | 768 | $ | (21 | ) | ||||||||||||||
The estimated amounts of unrecognized prior service cost and net actuarial loss included in AOCI as of December 31, 2008, that are expected to be amortized into net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year are: $1 million and $17 million for the U.S. defined benefit plans; $2 million and $8 million for the U.S. retiree health care plan; and $(4) million and $43 million for the non-U.S. defined benefit plans.
Assumptions and investment policies
| Defined Benefit | Retiree Health Care | |||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
| Weighted average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations: | ||||||||||||
| U.S. discount rate | 6.14 | % | 6.26 | % | 6.02 | % | 5.96 | % | ||||
| Non-U.S. discount rate | 3.15 | % | 3.51 | % | ||||||||
| U.S. average long-term pay progression | 3.50 | % | 3.50 | % | ||||||||
| Non-U.S. average long-term pay progression | 3.12 | % | 3.43 | % | ||||||||
| Weighted average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost: | ||||||||||||
| U.S. discount rate | 6.26 | % | 6.00 | % | 5.96 | % | 6.00 | % | ||||
| Non-U.S. discount rate | 3.51 | % | 3.08 | % | ||||||||
| U.S. long-term rate of return on plan assets | 6.50 | % | 7.00 | % | 7.00 | % | 7.00 | % | ||||
| Non-U.S. long-term rate of return on plan assets | 4.73 | % | 4.71 | % | ||||||||
| U.S. average long-term pay progression | 3.50 | % | 3.50 | % | ||||||||
| Non-U.S. average long-term pay progression | 3.43 | % | 3.33 | % | ||||||||
[ 26 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
In order to select a discount rate
for purposes of valuing the plan obligations and for fiscal-year-end disclosure,
an analysis is performed in which the projected cash flows from significant
defined benefit and retiree health care plans are matched with a yield curve
based on an appropriate universe of high-quality corporate bonds that are
available in each country. In this manner, a present value is developed. The
discount rate selected is the single equivalent rate that produces the same
present value. This approach produces a discount rate that recognizes each
plans distinct liability characteristics. Assumptions used for the non-U.S.
defined benefit plans reflect the different economic environments within the
various countries.
Assumptions for the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets are
based on future expectations for returns for each asset class and the effect of
periodic target asset allocation rebalancing. We adjust the results for the
payment of reasonable expenses of the plan from plan assets. We believe our
assumptions are appropriate based on the investment mix and long-term nature of
the plans investments.
Our rate of return assumption for the U.S. defined
benefit plan reflects a multi-year transition to an asset allocation policy with
less emphasis on equity investments. This move is designed to better match the
plans assets with its liability structure as it
matures.
The table below shows target allocation ranges for the plans that hold a
substantial majority of the defined benefit assets. The asset allocations for
the retiree health care benefit plan are generally intended to represent the
long-term targeted mix rather than a current mix.
| U.S. Defined | U.S. Retiree | Non-U.S. | ||||
| Asset Category | Benefit | Health Care | Defined Benefit | |||
| Equity securities | 35% 50% | 67% | 30% 60% | |||
| Fixed income securities and cash | 50% 65% | 33% | 40% 70% | |||
We intend to rebalance the defined benefit plans investments when they are not within the target allocation ranges. Additional contributions are invested consistent with the target ranges and may be used to rebalance the portfolio. The investment allocations and individual investments are chosen with regard to the duration of the obligations of each plan. A portion of the retiree health care benefit plan assets are invested in an account within the pension trust and are invested in a like manner as the other pension assets. The majority of the assets in the retiree health care benefit plan are invested in a series of Voluntary Employee Benefit Association (VEBA) trusts.
Weighted average asset allocations at December 31, are as follows:
| U.S. Defined | U.S. Retiree | Non-U.S. Defined | ||||||||||||||||
| Benefit | Health Care | Benefit | ||||||||||||||||
| Asset Category | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||
| Equity securities | 37 | % | 56 | % | 44 | % | 67 | % | 39 | % | 49 | % | ||||||
| Fixed income securities | 49 | % | 42 | % | 31 | % | 33 | % | 60 | % | 42 | % | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 14 | % | 2 | % | 25 | % | 0 | % | 1 | % | 9 | % | ||||||
There are no significant restrictions
on the amount or nature of investments that may be acquired or held by the
plans. None of the plan assets related to the defined benefit pension plans and
retiree health care benefit plan are directly invested in TI common stock. As of
December 31, 2008, we do not expect to return any of the plans assets to TI in
the next 12 months.
Contributions to the plans meet or exceed all minimum
funding requirements. We expect to contribute $41 million to our non-U.S.
retirement plans in 2009.
The following table shows the benefits we expect to pay to participants from the plans in the next ten years. Most of the payments will be made from plan assets and not company assets.
| U.S. Defined | U.S. Retiree | Medicare | Non-U.S. Defined | ||||||||||
| Benefit | Health Care | Subsidy | Benefit | ||||||||||
| 2009 | $ | 149 | $ | 33 | $ | (4 | ) | $ | 59 | ||||
| 2010 | 132 | 36 | (5 | ) | 62 | ||||||||
| 2011 | 123 | 38 | (5 | ) | 65 | ||||||||
| 2012 | 84 | 40 | (5 | ) | 70 | ||||||||
| 2013 | 79 | 42 | (6 | ) | 74 | ||||||||
| 20142018 | 308 | 220 | (17 | ) | 445 | ||||||||
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 27 ]
Assumed health care cost trend rates for the U.S. retiree health care plan at December 31:
| U.S. Retiree Health Care | ||||
| 2008 | 2007 | |||
| Assumed health care cost trend rate for next year: | ||||
| Attributed to less than age 65 | 8.5% | 9.0% | ||
| Attributed to age 65 or greater | 8.5% | 9.0% | ||
| Ultimate trend rate | 5.0% | 5.0% | ||
| Year in which ultimate trend rate is reached: | ||||
| Attributed to less than age 65 | 2016 | 2016 | ||
| Attributed to age 65 or greater | 2016 | 2016 | ||
Increasing or decreasing health care cost trend rates by one percentage point would have increased or decreased the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation for the U.S. retiree healthcare plan at December 31, 2008, by approximately $15 million and the service cost and interest cost components of 2008 plan expense by $1 million.
Deferred compensation
arrangements
We have a non-qualified
deferred compensation plan, which allows certain highly compensated employees to
defer receipt of a portion of their cash compensation. Payments under this plan
are made based on the participants distribution election and plan balance.
Participants can earn a return on their deferred compensation based on
hypothetical investments in the same investment funds and TI common stock that
are offered in our defined contribution plans. Changes in the market value of
the participant deferrals and earnings thereon are reflected as an adjustment to
the liability for deferred compensation with an offset to compensation
expense.
As
of December 31, 2008, our liability to participants of the deferred compensation
plan was $138 million and is recorded in deferred credits and other liabilities.
This amount reflects the accumulated participant deferrals and earnings thereon
as of that date. We make no contributions to the deferred compensation plan and
so remain liable to the participants. However, to serve as an economic hedge
against changes in market values of this liability, we invest in similar mutual
funds and have entered into a forward purchase contract (explained below).
Changes in the fair value of these mutual fund investments are recognized in
compensation expense (see Note
10).
Because no shares of TI common stock are actually held for the account of
participants, as of December 31, 2008, we have a forward purchase contract with
a commercial bank to acquire 430,000 shares of TI common stock at a fixed price
of $18.85 per share at the end of the contract term or, at our option, to settle
in cash with the bank. We can unwind all or part of this contract prior to the
end of the contract term. The contract is intended to be an economic hedge to
minimize the earnings impact from the effect of fluctuations in stock market
prices on the portion of the deferred compensation plan obligations that are
denominated in TI stock. The changes in the fair value of the forward contract
are reflected in compensation expense. Since December 31, 2005, participants
have been prohibited from directing any further amount of their balances into TI
common stock, so this hedge will remain at or below 430,000 shares of TI common
stock in the future.
13. Debt and lines of credit
On April 2, 2007, we retired $43
million of 8.75% notes at maturity. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, we had no
outstanding debt.
We maintain
lines of credit to support commercial paper borrowings, if any, and to provide
additional liquidity through bank loans. As of December 31, 2008, we had a
revolving credit facility under which a group of banks has committed $1 billion
through August 2011, and $920 million thereafter through August 2012. This
facility would carry a variable rate of interest indexed to the London Interbank
Offered Rate (LIBOR), if drawn. Our Japan subsidiary also has a revolving credit
facility for an additional $175 million with a group of banks that would carry a
variable rate of interest indexed to LIBOR, if drawn. At December 31, 2008 and
2007, both revolving credit facilities were undrawn, and no commercial paper was
outstanding.
Interest incurred on loans in 2008, 2007 and 2006 was zero, $1 million
and $12 million. Of these amounts, $5 million in 2006 was capitalized as a
component of capital asset construction costs.
[ 28 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
14. Commitments and contingencies
Operating leases: We conduct certain operations in leased facilities and also lease a portion of our data processing and other equipment. In addition, certain long-term supply agreements to purchase industrial gases are accounted for as operating leases. Lease agreements frequently include purchase and renewal provisions and require us to pay taxes, insurance and maintenance costs. Rental and lease expense incurred was $124 million, $123 million and $125 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006.
Capitalized software licenses: We have licenses for certain electronic design automation software that are accounted for in accordance with Statement of Position 98-1, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use. The related liabilities are apportioned between current liabilities (accounts payable) and long-term liabilities (deferred credits and other liabilities) on our balance sheet.
Purchase commitments: Some of our purchase commitments entered in the ordinary course of business provide for minimum payments.
Summary: At December 31, 2008, we had committed to make the following minimum payments under operating leases, capitalized software licenses and purchase commitments:
| Capitalized | |||||||||
| Operating | Software | Purchase | |||||||
| Leases | Licenses | Commitments | |||||||
| 2009 | $ | 81 | $ | 67 | $ | 116 | |||
| 2010 | 67 | 22 | 26 | ||||||
| 2011 | 54 | 18 | 18 | ||||||
| 2012 | 42 | 3 | 4 | ||||||
| 2013 | 37 | | 4 | ||||||
| Thereafter | 123 | | 20 | ||||||
Indemnification guarantees: We routinely sell products with a limited intellectual property indemnification included in the terms of sale. Historically, we have had only minimal, infrequent losses associated with these indemnities. Consequently, we cannot reasonably estimate or accrue for any future liabilities that may result.
Warranty costs/product liabilities: We accrue for known product-related claims if a loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated. During the periods presented, there have been no material accruals or payments regarding product warranty or product liability, and historically we have experienced a low rate of payments on product claims. Consistent with general industry practice, we enter into formal contracts with certain customers that include negotiated warranty remedies. Typically, under these agreements our warranty for semiconductor products includes: three years coverage; an obligation to repair, replace or refund; and a maximum payment obligation tied to the price paid for our products. In some cases, product claims may exceed the price of our products.
General: We are subject to various legal and administrative proceedings. Although it is not possible to predict the outcome of these matters, we believe that the results of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect upon our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.
Discontinued operations indemnity: In connection with the sale of the former Sensors & Controls business in 2006, we have agreed to indemnify Sensata for specified litigation matters and certain liabilities, including environmental liabilities. Our indemnification obligations with respect to breaches of representations and warranties and the specified litigation matters are generally subject to a total deductible of $30 million and our maximum potential exposure is limited to $300 million.
15. Stockholders equity
We are authorized to issue 10,000,000
shares of preferred stock. No preferred stock is currently
outstanding.
Treasury shares acquired in connection with the board-authorized stock
repurchase program in 2008, 2007 and 2006 were 77,162,667 shares; 147,645,809
shares; and 173,580,794 shares. As of December 31, 2008, $3.55 billion of stock
repurchase authorizations remain and no expiration date has been
specified.
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 29 ]
16. Supplemental financial information
Other income (expense) net
| 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
| Interest income | $ | 76 | $ | 157 | $ | 196 | ||||||
| Interest on loans | | (1 | ) | (7 | ) | |||||||
| Settlement of Italian grants (a) | | | 28 | |||||||||
| Sales tax refunds (b) | 3 | | 20 | |||||||||
| Other (c) | (35 | ) | 39 | 21 | ||||||||
| Total | $ | 44 | $ | 195 | $ | 258 | ||||||
| (a) | Consists of benefits recognized due to the resolution of matters relating to grants from the government of Italy to a former business. | |
| (b) | Consists of refunds of overpayments attributable to former businesses and interest on refunds relating to settlements of audits of Texas sales and use taxes. | |
| (c) | Includes lease income of approximately $20 million per year, primarily from the purchaser of a former business. As of December 31, 2008, the aggregate amount of non-cancellable future lease payments to be received from these leases is $57 million. These leases contain renewal options. Other also includes miscellaneous non-operational items such as: interest income and expense related to non-investment items such as taxes; gains and losses for our proportionate share of the net income or loss of our limited partnerships accounted for under the equity method; realized gains and losses associated with former equity investments; gains and losses related to former businesses; and, gains and losses from currency exchange rate changes. | |
Inventories
| December 31, | ||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | |||||
| Raw materials and purchased parts | $ | 99 | $ | 105 | ||
| Work in process | 837 | 876 | ||||
| Finished goods | 439 | 437 | ||||
| Total | $ | 1,375 | $ | 1,418 | ||
Property, plant and equipment at cost
| December 31, | ||||||||
| Depreciable Lives | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||
| Land | | $ | 83 | $ | 82 | |||
| Buildings and improvements | 540 years | 2,948 | 2,895 | |||||
| Machinery and equipment | 310 years | 4,290 | 4,591 | |||||
| Total | $ | 7,321 | $ | 7,568 | ||||
Authorizations for property, plant and equipment expenditures in future years were $136 million at December 31, 2008.
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
| December 31, | ||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | |||||
| Accrued salaries, wages and vacation pay | $ | 302 | $ | 386 | ||
| Restructuring | 218 | 20 | ||||
| Customer incentive programs and allowances | 135 | 206 | ||||
| Property and other non-income taxes | 91 | 113 | ||||
| Other | 288 | 392 | ||||
| Total | $ | 1,034 | $ | 1,117 | ||
[ 30 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes
| December 31, | ||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | |||||||
| Unrealized losses on available-for-sale investments | $ | (43 | ) | $ | (5 | ) | ||
| Postretirement benefit plans: | ||||||||
| Prior service cost | 21 | 5 | ||||||
| Net actuarial loss | (768 | ) | (324 | ) | ||||
| Total | $ | (790 | ) | $ | (324 | ) | ||
17. Segment and geographic area data
In the fourth quarter of 2008, we
revised our internal financial reporting structure to provide enhanced
information about the performance of our major product categories. Prior period
segment presentations have been revised to conform to our new reporting
structure.
Our financial reporting structure comprises three reportable segments.
These reportable segments, which are established along major product lines
having unique design and development requirements, are as follows:
Analog Analog semiconductors change real-world signals such as sound, temperature, pressure or images by conditioning them, amplifying them and often converting them to a stream of digital data so the signals can be processed by other semiconductors, such as DSPs. Analog semiconductors are also used to manage power distribution and consumption. Analog includes high-performance analog and high-volume analog & logic products.
Embedded Processing Our Embedded Processing products are DSPs (other than DSPs specific to our Wireless segment) and microcontrollers. DSPs perform mathematical computations almost instantaneously to process and improve digital data. Microcontrollers are microprocessors that are designed to control a set of specific tasks for electronic equipment. We make and sell standard, or catalog, Embedded Processing products used in many different applications and custom Embedded Processing products used in specific applications, such as communications infrastructure equipment and automotive.
Wireless Cell phones require a modem or baseband to connect to the wireless carriers network. Many of todays advanced cell phones also require an applications processor to run the phones software and services, and semiconductors to enable connectivity to Bluetooth® devices, WiFi networks or GPS location services. We design, make and sell products to satisfy each of these requirements. Wireless products are typically sold in high volumes and our Wireless portfolio includes both standard (or merchant) products and custom products.
We also
have Other, which includes other operating segments that neither meet the
quantitative thresholds for individually reportable segments nor are they
aggregated with other operating segments. These operating segments primarily
include our smaller semiconductor product lines such as DLP® products (primarily
used to create high-definition images for business and home theater projectors,
televisions and movie projectors); RISC microprocessors (designed to provide
very fast computing and are often implemented in servers); and, custom
semiconductors known as ASICs. Other also includes handheld graphing and
scientific calculators and royalties received for our patented technology that
we license to other electronics
companies.
Other may also include certain unallocated income and expenses such as
gains and losses on sales of assets; sales tax refunds; and certain litigation
costs, settlements or reserves. Except for the few unallocated items just
mentioned, we allocate all of our expenses associated with corporate activities
to our operating segments based on specific methodologies, such as percentage of
operating expenses or headcount.
With the exception of goodwill, we do not identify or
allocate assets by operating segment, nor does the chief operating decision
maker evaluate operating segments using discrete asset information. There was no
significant intersegment revenue. The accounting policies of the segments are
the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting
policies.
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 31 ]
Segment information
| Embedded | |||||||||||||||
| Analog | Processing | Wireless | Other | Total | |||||||||||
| Revenue | |||||||||||||||
| 2008 | $ | 4,857 | $ | 1,631 | $ | 3,383 | $ | 2,630 | $ | 12,501 | |||||
| 2007 | 4,927 | 1,588 | 4,195 | 3,125 | 13,835 | ||||||||||
| 2006 | 4,746 | 1,554 | 4,308 | 3,647 | 14,255 | ||||||||||
| Operating profit | |||||||||||||||
| 2008 | $ | 1,050 | $ | 268 | $ | 347 | $ | 772 | $ | 2,437 | |||||
| 2007 | 1,548 | 290 | 763 | 896 | 3,497 | ||||||||||
| 2006 | 1,455 | 253 | 635 | 1,024 | 3,367 | ||||||||||
Operating profit for each segment includes the following restructuring charges:
| 2008 | 2007 | |||||
| Analog | $ | 60 | $ | 18 | ||
| Embedded Processing | 24 | 4 | ||||
| Wireless | 130 | 20 | ||||
| Other | 40 | 10 | ||||
| Total restructuring expense | $ | 254 | $ | 52 | ||
The following geographic area data includes revenue, based on product shipment destination and royalty payor location, and property, plant and equipment based on physical location:
Geographic area information
| Rest of | ||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. | Asia | Europe | Japan | World | Total | |||||||||||||
| Revenue | ||||||||||||||||||
| 2008 | $ | 1,551 | $ | 7,387 | $ | 1,875 | $ | 1,268 | $ | 420 | $ | 12,501 | ||||||
| 2007 | 1,758 | 8,013 | 2,258 | 1,423 | 383 | 13,835 | ||||||||||||
| 2006 | 1,868 | 7,568 | 2,286 | 2,008 | 525 | 14,255 | ||||||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment, net | ||||||||||||||||||
| 2008 | $ | 1,785 | $ | 988 | $ | 200 | $ | 314 | $ | 17 | $ | 3,304 | ||||||
| 2007 | 2,188 | 965 | 190 | 252 | 14 | 3,609 | ||||||||||||
| 2006 | 2,517 | 944 | 205 | 271 | 13 | 3,950 | ||||||||||||
Major customer
Direct sales to the Nokia group of companies were 18
percent of our revenue in 2008, 16 percent of our revenue in 2007 and 11 percent
of our revenue in 2006; if indirect sales such as to contract manufacturers are
included, Nokia accounted for 20 percent, 19 percent and 15 percent of our 2008,
2007 and 2006 revenue. Revenue from sales to Nokia is reflected primarily in our
Wireless segment.
[ 32 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
Report of independent registered public accounting firm
The Board of
Directors
Texas Instruments
Incorporated
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Texas Instruments Incorporated and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Texas Instruments Incorporated and subsidiaries at December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for postretirement benefits and income tax uncertainties effective December 31, 2006 and January 1, 2007, respectively.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Companys internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 20, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Dallas, Texas
February 20,
2009
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 33 ]
Report by management on internal control over financial reporting
The management of TI is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting. TIs internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements issued for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations and may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
TI management assessed the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008. In making this assessment, we used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria) in Internal Control Integrated Framework. Based on our assessment we believe that, as of December 31, 2008, our internal control over financial reporting is effective based on the COSO criteria.
TIs independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, has issued an audit report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, which immediately follows this report.
[ 34 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
Report of independent registered
public accounting firm
on internal control over financial
reporting
The Board of Directors
Texas
Instruments Incorporated
We have audited Texas Instruments Incorporateds internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). Texas Instruments Incorporateds management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Report By Management On Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the companys internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, Texas Instruments Incorporated maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Texas Instruments Incorporated and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008 and our report dated February 20, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Dallas, Texas
February 20,
2009
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 35 ]
| Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | 2006 (a) | 2005 (b) | 2004 | ||||||||||||
| Summary of selected financial data | ||||||||||||||||
| (Millions of dollars, except share and per-share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 12,501 | $ | 13,835 | $ | 14,255 | $ | 12,335 | $ | 11,552 | ||||||
| Operating costs and expenses (c) | 10,064 | 10,338 | 10,888 | 9,776 | 9,592 | |||||||||||
| Operating profit | 2,437 | 3,497 | 3,367 | 2,559 | 1,960 | |||||||||||
| Other income (expense) net | 44 | 195 | 258 | 196 | 212 | |||||||||||
| Income from continuing operations | ||||||||||||||||
| before income taxes | 2,481 | 3,692 | 3,625 | 2,755 | 2,172 | |||||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | 561 | 1,051 | 987 | 582 | 481 | |||||||||||
| Income from continuing operations | 1,920 | 2,641 | 2,638 | 2,173 | 1,691 | |||||||||||
| Income from discontinued operations, | ||||||||||||||||
| net of income taxes | | 16 | 1,703 | 151 | 170 | |||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 1,920 | $ | 2,657 | $ | 4,341 | $ | 2,324 | $ | 1,861 | ||||||
| Basic income from continuing | ||||||||||||||||
| operations per common share | $ | 1.47 | $ | 1.86 | $ | 1.73 | $ | 1.33 | $ | 0.98 | ||||||
| Diluted income from continuing | ||||||||||||||||
| operations per common share | $ | 1.45 | $ | 1.83 | $ | 1.69 | $ | 1.30 | $ | 0.96 | ||||||
| Dividends declared per common share | $ | 0.41 | $ | 0.30 | $ | 0.13 | $ | 0.105 | $ | 0.089 | ||||||
| Average common and dilutive potential | ||||||||||||||||
| common shares outstanding during year, | ||||||||||||||||
| in thousands | 1,323,856 | 1,446,350 | 1,559,772 | 1,670,916 | 1,768,073 | |||||||||||
| (a) | Includes a change in depreciation method beginning January 1, 2006. | |
| (b) | Includes the impact of adopting Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment, effective July 1, 2005. | |
| (c) | Includes restructuring expenses of $254 million, $52 million and $4 million in 2008, 2007 and 2004. | |
| December 31, | |||||||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||
| Working capital | $ | 4,258 | $ | 4,893 | $ | 5,776 | $ | 7,035 | $ | 8,373 | |||||
| Property, plant and equipment, net | 3,304 | 3,609 | 3,950 | 3,730 | 3,794 | ||||||||||
| Total assets | 11,923 | 12,667 | 13,930 | 15,063 | 16,299 | ||||||||||
| Long-term debt | | | | 329 | 368 | ||||||||||
| Stockholders equity | 9,326 | 9,975 | 11,360 | 11,937 | 13,063 | ||||||||||
| Employees | 29,537 | 30,175 | 30,986 | 30,068 | 30,446 | ||||||||||
| Stockholders of record | 25,107 | 26,037 | 27,976 | 29,848 | 27,496 | ||||||||||
| Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 3,330 | $ | 4,407 | $ | 2,456 | $ | 3,614 | $ | 2,973 | |||||
| Capital expenditures | 763 | 686 | 1,272 | 1,288 | 1,260 | ||||||||||
| Dividends paid | 537 | 425 | 199 | 173 | 154 | ||||||||||
| Stock repurchases | 2,122 | 4,886 | 5,302 | 4,151 | 753 | ||||||||||
See Notes to Financial Statements and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
[ 36 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
Managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
The following should be read in conjunction with the Financial Statements and the related Notes that appear elsewhere in this document. All dollar amounts in the tables in this discussion are stated in millions of U.S. dollars, except per-share amounts. All amounts in this discussion reference continuing operations unless otherwise noted.
Overview
At Texas Instruments, we design and make semiconductors
that we sell to electronics designers and manufacturers all over the world. We
began operations in 1930 and are incorporated in Delaware. We are headquartered
in Dallas, Texas, and have design, manufacturing or sales operations in more
than 30 countries. We have four segments: Analog, Embedded Processing, Wireless
and Other. We expect Analog and Embedded Processing to be our primary growth
engines in the years ahead, and we therefore focus our resources on these
segments.
We were the worlds fourth largest semiconductor company in 2008 as
measured by revenue, according to preliminary estimates from an external source.
Additionally, we sell calculators and related products.
Product
information
Semiconductors are
electronic components that serve as the building blocks inside modern electronic
systems and equipment. Semiconductors come in two basic forms: individual
transistors and integrated circuits (generally known as chips) that combine
different transistors on a single piece of material to form a complete
electronic circuit. Our semiconductors are used to accomplish many different
things, such as converting and amplifying signals, interfacing with other
devices, managing and distributing power, processing data, canceling noise and
improving signal resolution. Our portfolio includes products that are integral
to almost all electronic
equipment.
We sell two general categories of semiconductor products: custom and
standard. A custom product is designed for a specific customer for a specific
application, is sold only to that customer and is typically sold directly to the
customer. A standard product is designed for use by many customers and/or many
applications and is generally sold through both distribution and direct
channels. Standard products include both proprietary and commodity
products.
Additional information regarding
each segments products follows.
Analog
Analog semiconductors change real-world signals such as
sound, temperature, pressure or images by conditioning them, amplifying them
and often converting them to a stream of digital data so the signals can be
processed by other semiconductors, such as digital signal processors (DSPs).
Analog semiconductors are also used to manage power distribution and
consumption. Sales from our Analog segment accounted for about 40 percent of our
revenue in 2008. The worldwide market for analog semiconductors was about $36
billion in 2008. According to external sources, we have about a 12 percent share
in the fragmented analog semiconductor market, which is a leading position. We
believe that we are well positioned to increase our share over
time.
During 2008, we discussed our Analog business by reference to
high-performance analog and high-volume analog & logic.
High-performance analog products:
These include standard analog semiconductors, such as amplifiers, data
converters, low-power radio frequency devices, and interface and power
management semiconductors (our standard analog portfolio includes more than
20,000 products), that we market to many different customers (nearly 80,000) who
use them in a wide range of products across the industrial, communications,
computing and consumer markets. High-performance analog products generally have
long life cycles, often 10 to 20
years.
High-volume analog & logic products: These include two product types.
The first, high-volume analog, includes products for specific applications,
including custom products for specific customers. The life cycles of our
high-volume analog products are generally shorter than those of our
high-performance analog products. End markets for high-volume analog products
include communications, automotive, computing and many consumer electronics
products. The second product type, standard linear and logic, includes commodity
products marketed to many different customers for many different
applications.
Beginning with the first quarter of 2009, we will discuss power
management semiconductors as a separate category of Analog products, separating
it from the high-performance category.
Embedded
Processing
Our Embedded Processing
products include our DSPs (other than DSPs specific to our Wireless segment) and
microcontrollers. DSPs perform mathematical computations almost instantaneously
to process and improve digital data. Microcontrollers are microprocessors that
are designed to control a set of specific tasks for electronic equipment. Sales
of Embedded Processing products accounted for about 15 percent of our revenue in
2008. The worldwide market for embedded processors was about $17 billion in
2008. According to
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 37 ]
external sources, we have about 10
percent market share in this fragmented market, and we believe we are well
positioned to increase our share over
time.
An
important characteristic of Embedded Processing products is that our customers
often invest their own research and development (R&D) to write software that
operates on our products. This investment tends to increase the length of our
customer relationships because customers prefer to re-use software from one
product generation to the next. We make and sell standard, or catalog, Embedded
Processing products used in many different applications and custom Embedded
Processing products used in specific applications, such as communications
infrastructure equipment and automotive.
Wireless
Cell phones require a modem or baseband to connect to
the wireless carriers network. Many of todays advanced cell phones also
require an applications processor to run the phones software and services, and
semiconductors to enable connectivity to Bluetooth® devices, WiFi networks or
GPS location services. We design, make and sell products to satisfy each of
these requirements. Wireless products are typically sold in high volumes and our
Wireless portfolio includes both standard (or merchant) products and custom
products. Sales of Wireless products accounted for about 25 percent of our
revenue in 2008, and a significant portion of our Wireless sales were to a
single customer.
As wireless communications have proliferated, consumers have demanded
capabilities beyond voice. Smartphones (phones that contain email, media, games
and computing capability) represent one of the fastest growing wireless markets.
These phones tend to include many semiconductor products. Major handset
manufacturers are actively pursuing the smartphone market and increasingly
focusing their R&D on applications and services. As a result, we believe
customer demand for applications processors will grow as handset manufacturers
seek to differentiate their products by providing software and a unique user
experience. Our OMAPTM product line has a leading position in the
applications processor market and is used by most of the top handset
manufacturers.
Our Wireless segment has been shifting focus from baseband chips, a
market with shrinking competitive barriers and slowing growth rates, to
applications processors, a market we expect will grow faster than the baseband
market. Consistent with this shift in market focus, we are concentrating our
Wireless investments on our applications processors and connectivity products.
We continue to sell custom baseband products but have discontinued further
development of merchant baseband products.
Other
Our Other segment includes revenue from smaller
semiconductor product lines and handheld graphing and scientific calculators,
and from royalties received for our patented technology that we license to other
electronics companies. The semiconductor products in our Other segment include
DLP® products (primarily used to create high-definition images for business and
home theater projectors, televisions and movie projectors), reduced-instruction
set computing (RISC) microprocessors (designed to provide very fast computing
and often implemented in servers) and custom semiconductors known as
application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs). This segment accounted for
about 20 percent of our revenue in 2008.
Inventory
While our inventory practices differ by product, we
generally maintain inventory levels that are consistent with our expectations of
customer demand.
For custom semiconductor products, where the risk of obsolescence is
higher, we carry lower levels of inventory when possible. These products have a
single customer, are sold in high volumes and have comparatively shorter life
cycles. Life cycles of these products are often determined by end-equipment
upgrade cycles and can be as short as 12 to 24
months.
For
standard semiconductor products, where the risk of obsolescence is low, we
generally carry higher levels of inventory. These products usually have many
customers and long life cycles, and are often ordered in small quantities.
Standard product inventory is sometimes held in unfinished wafer form, giving us
greater flexibility to meet final package and test
configurations.
As a result of the following trends, we now tend to carry relatively
higher levels of inventory than in past years: standard products have become a
larger part of our portfolio; we have increased consignment programs with our
largest customers; and our distributors now carry relatively less inventory on
average than in the past.
We manage
calculator inventory consistent with expected seasonality.
Manufacturing
Semiconductor manufacturing begins with the wafer
fabrication manufacturing process: a sequence of photo-lithographic and chemical
processing steps that fabricate a number of semiconductor devices on a thin
silicon wafer. Each device on the wafer is tested and the wafer is cut into
pieces called chips. Each chip is assembled into a package that then may be
retested. The entire process typically requires between twelve and eighteen
weeks and takes place in highly specialized
facilities.
We own and operate semiconductor manufacturing sites in North America,
Asia and Europe. These facilities include high-volume wafer fabrication plants
and assembly/test sites. Our facilities require substantial investment to
construct and are largely fixed-cost
[ 38 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
assets once in operation. Because we
own much of our manufacturing capacity, a significant portion of our operating
cost is fixed. In general, these costs do not decline with reductions in
customer demand or utilization of capacity and can adversely affect our profit
margins as a result. Conversely, as product demand rises and factory utilization
increases, the fixed costs are spread over increased output, potentially
benefiting our profit margins.
Most of our Analog semiconductors require a lower level
of capital investment in manufacturing and equipment than is needed for
equivalent production levels of our Embedded Processing and Wireless
semiconductors, which are manufactured using advanced logic wafer manufacturing
equipment. While analog chips benefit from unique, proprietary wafer
manufacturing processes, these processes can be applied using older, less
expensive equipment. In addition, these processes and equipment remain usable
for much longer than the manufacturing processes and equipment required for
advanced logic wafer
manufacturing.
To supplement our internal advanced logic wafer fabrication capacity,
maximize our responsiveness to customer demand and minimize our overall capital
expenditures, our wafer manufacturing strategy utilizes the capacity of outside
suppliers, commonly known as foundries. Our strategy involves installing
internal wafer fabrication capacity to a level we believe will remain fully
utilized over the equipments useful lifetime and then outsourcing remaining
capacity needs to foundries. In 2008, external foundries provided about 50
percent of the fabricated wafers for our advanced logic manufacturing needs, but
during the fourth quarter of 2008, we significantly reduced our foundry
purchases. We expect the proportion of our advanced logic wafers provided by
foundries will increase over time. We expect to maintain sufficient internal
wafer fabrication capacity to meet substantially all our analog production
needs.
In
addition to using foundries to supplement our wafer fabrication capacity, we
selectively use subcontractors to supplement our assembly/test capacity. We
generally use subcontractors for assembly/test of products that would be less
cost-efficient to complete in-house (e.g., relatively low-volume products that
are unlikely to keep internal equipment fully utilized), or in the event demand
temporarily exceeds our internal capacity. We believe we often have a cost
advantage in maintaining internal assembly/test capacity. Accordingly, we have
nearly completed an environmentally efficient assembly/test facility in the
Philippines, and the facility is in the initial stages of
production.
This internal/external manufacturing strategy is designed to reduce the
level of our required capital expenditures, and thereby reduce our subsequent
levels of depreciation. Expected end results include less fluctuation in our
profit margins due to changing product demand, and lower cash requirements for
expanding and updating our manufacturing capabilities. As our internal
manufacturing efforts shift to a higher percentage of analog products, an
increasing proportion of our capital expenditures is devoted to assembly/test
facilities and equipment. This is primarily due to the lower capital needs of
analog wafer manufacturing equipment.
Product cycle
The global semiconductor market is characterized by
constant, though generally incremental, advances in product designs and
manufacturing methods. Chip prices and manufacturing costs tend to decline over
time as manufacturing methods and product life cycles mature. Typically, new
chips are produced in limited quantities at first and then ramp to high-volume
production over time. Consequently, new products tend not to have a significant
impact on revenue for one or more quarters after they are introduced. In the
discussion below, changes in our shipments are caused by changing demand for our
products unless otherwise noted.
Market cycle
The semiconductor cycle is an important concept that
refers to the ebb and flow of supply, with relatively stable demand. The
semiconductor market historically has been characterized by periods of tight
supply caused by strengthening demand and/or insufficient manufacturing
capacity, followed by periods of surplus inventory caused by weakening demand
and/or excess manufacturing capacity. This cycle is affected by the significant
time and money required to build and maintain semiconductor manufacturing
facilities.
Seasonality
Our revenue and operating results are subject to some
seasonal variation. Sales of our semiconductor products are seasonally weaker in
the first quarter than in other quarters, particularly for products sold into
cell phones and consumer electronics applications that have stronger sales later
in the year as manufacturers prepare for the holiday selling season. Calculator
revenue is tied to the U.S. back-to-school season and, as a result, is at its
highest in the second and third quarters. Royalty revenue is not always uniform
or predictable, in part due to the performance of our licensees and in part due
to the timing of new license agreements or the expiration and renewal of
existing agreements.
Tax
considerations
We operate in a number
of tax jurisdictions and are subject to several types of taxes including those
that are based on income, capital, property and payroll, as well as sales and
other transactional taxes. The timing of the final determination of our tax
liabilities varies among the various jurisdictions and their taxing authorities.
As a result, during any particular reporting period, we might reflect in our
financial statements one or more tax refunds or assessments, or changes to tax
liabilities, involving one or more taxing authorities.
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 39 ]
Discontinued
operations
In January 2006, we
entered into a definitive agreement to sell substantially all of the former
Sensors & Controls segment to an affiliate of Bain Capital, LLC for $3
billion in cash (see Note 6 to the Financial Statements for additional
information). The sale was completed on April 27, 2006.
Results of operations
2008 compared with
2007
The year 2008 was marked by a
dramatic decrease in global demand for semiconductors in the second half, a
decline that accelerated in the fourth quarter. Given this significant change in
the economy, we are reducing costs and realigning our expenses and inventory so
that our financial performance will remain solid even in a period of prolonged
economic weakness. We have focused most of our cost reductions in our non-core
product areas and internal support functions. We will continue to invest
aggressively in Analog and Embedded Processing and in customer support. We
believe these areas will drive our future growth and allow us to achieve our
financial objectives.
The cost reduction actions include an employment
reduction, which we announced in January 2009, of 12 percent, through 1,800
layoffs and 1,600 voluntary retirements and departures. Charges for these
employment reductions will be about $300 million, a portion of which was
recognized in the fourth quarter of 2008. Annualized savings from these
reductions, plus those announced in October for the restructuring of the
companys Wireless business, will be about $700 million after all reductions are
complete in the third quarter of
2009.
We
expect our results in 2009 will be pressured by lower demand.
Statement of operations selected items
| For the Years Ended | ||||||||||||
| December 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
| Revenue by segment: | ||||||||||||
| Analog | $ | 4,857 | $ | 4,927 | $ | 4,746 | ||||||
| Embedded Processing | 1,631 | 1,588 | 1,554 | |||||||||
| Wireless | 3,383 | 4,195 | 4,308 | |||||||||
| Other | 2,630 | 3,125 | 3,647 | |||||||||
| Revenue | 12,501 | 13,835 | 14,255 | |||||||||
| Cost of revenue | 6,256 | 6,466 | 6,996 | |||||||||
| Gross profit | 6,245 | 7,369 | 7,259 | |||||||||
| Gross profit % of revenue | 50.0 | % | 53.3 | % | 50.9 | % | ||||||
| Research and development (R&D) | 1,940 | 2,140 | 2,195 | |||||||||
| R&D % of revenue | 15.5 | % | 15.5 | % | 15.4 | % | ||||||
| Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) | 1,614 | 1,680 | 1,697 | |||||||||
| SG&A % of revenue | 12.9 | % | 12.1 | % | 11.9 | % | ||||||
| Restructuring expense | 254 | 52 | | |||||||||
| Operating profit | 2,437 | 3,497 | 3,367 | |||||||||
| Operating profit % of revenue | 19.5 | % | 25.3 | % | 23.6 | % | ||||||
| Other income (expense) net | 44 | 195 | 258 | |||||||||
| Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 2,481 | 3,692 | 3,625 | |||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | 561 | 1,051 | 987 | |||||||||
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 1,920 | $ | 2,641 | $ | 2,638 | ||||||
| Diluted income from continuing operations per common share | $ | 1.45 | $ | 1.83 | $ | 1.69 | ||||||
Details of 2008 financial
results
Revenue was $12.50 billion,
down $1.33 billion, or 10 percent, from 2007. As the year progressed and the
global economy weakened, the decline in our revenue accelerated and broadened.
In the fourth quarter all segments experienced double-digit declines compared
with the year-ago quarter.
Gross profit was $6.24 billion, or 50.0 percent of
revenue, down 15 percent from $7.37 billion in 2007. This decline was due to
lower revenue and, to a lesser extent, the impact of lower factory utilization
resulting from our efforts to reduce inventory. The decline affected all
segments. Last years gross profit included a $39 million pre-tax gain on the
sale of our broadband digital subscriber line (DSL) customer-premises equipment
product line.
[ 40 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
Operating expenses were $1.94 billion for R&D and $1.61 billion for
SG&A. R&D expense decreased $200 million, or 9 percent, from 2007 due to
the combination of expense reductions in Wireless and, to a lesser extent, the
benefit from our collaborative work with foundries on advanced logic
manufacturing technologies. We previously developed these manufacturing
technologies almost exclusively in-house. SG&A expense decreased $66
million, or 4 percent, from 2007 due to the combination of lower
compensation-related expenses and lower expenses for consumer advertisements for
DLP high-definition television
products.
Restructuring charges of $254 million recognized in the fourth quarter of
2008 included $121 million for a portion of the employment actions described
above, $109 million for actions announced in October 2008 to re-focus our
Wireless segment and $24 million for asset impairments related to an action
announced in 2007 to shut down an older digital factory in connection with our
decision to work with foundries on advanced logic manufacturing technology. The
restructuring costs recognized consisted of $218 million for severance and
benefit costs and $36 million related to impairments of long-lived assets. 2007
restructuring costs relating to the factory shutdown were $52 million,
consisting of severance and benefit costs of $31 million and acceleration of
depreciation on the factorys assets of $21 million. See Note 2 to the Financial
Statements for additional
information.
Operating profit was $2.44 billion, or 19.5 percent of revenue, compared
with $3.50 billion, or 25.3 percent of revenue, in 2007. This was a 30 percent
decrease due to the decline in revenue and the associated lower gross profit,
the impact of underutilized manufacturing assets, and higher restructuring
charges. These more than offset a reduction in operating
expenses.
Other income (expense) net (OI&E) was $44 million, a decrease of $151
million from 2007 primarily due to lower interest income. The decrease in
interest income from a year ago was primarily due to lower interest rates, and
to a lesser extent, lower average interest-bearing
investments.
The tax provision was $561 million, compared with $1.05 billion for the
prior year. The decrease was primarily due to lower income before income taxes.
The tax provision for 2008 contained net discrete tax benefits of $122 million,
primarily resulting from our decision to indefinitely reinvest the accumulated
earnings of a non-U.S. subsidiary. The tax provision for 2007 contained net
discrete tax benefits of $28 million. See Note 5 to the Financial Statements for
a reconciliation of tax rates to the statutory federal tax
rate.
Our
annual effective tax rate for 2009 is estimated to be about 24 percent, a
decrease from 28 percent in 2008 primarily due to lower income before income
taxes.
Income from continuing operations was $1.92 billion, a decrease of $721
million from 2007. EPS for 2008 was $1.45 per share, compared with $1.83 per
share for 2007. The impact of restructuring costs reduced EPS by $0.12 per share
in 2008 and by $0.02 per share in 2007. EPS in 2008 benefited $0.12 from a lower
number of average shares outstanding as a result of our stock repurchase
program.
Orders were $11.86 billion, which was 13 percent lower than 2007. In the
fourth quarter of 2008, orders were $1.86 billion, which was 42 percent lower
than in the third quarter of 2008. The declines in both periods reflected lower
demand over a broad range of our products.
Segment
results
A detailed discussion of our
segment results appears below. See Note 17 to the Financial Statements for a
description of changes in our segments. When reviewing each segments results,
bear in mind that restructuring charges negatively impacted each segments
operating profit as follows:
| 2008 | 2007 | |||||
| Analog | $ | 60 | $ | 18 | ||
| Embedded Processing | 24 | 4 | ||||
| Wireless | 130 | 20 | ||||
| Other | 40 | 10 | ||||
| Total restructuring | $ | 254 | $ | 52 | ||
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 41 ]
| Analog | |||||||||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | vs. 2007 | 2006 | vs. 2006 | |||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 4,857 | $ | 4,927 | -1% | $ | 4,746 | 4% | |||||||||
| Operating profit | 1,050 | 1,548 | -32% | 1,455 | 6% | ||||||||||||
| Operating profit % of revenue | 21.6 | % | 31.4 | % | 30.7 | % | |||||||||||
Analog revenue was about even with
the prior year as growth in shipments of high-performance analog products was
more than offset by a decline in shipments of high-volume analog & logic
products.
Operating profit was $1.05 billion, or 21.6 percent of revenue. This was
a decrease of $498 million from 2007 due to lower gross profit, and to a lesser
extent, higher operating expenses. Higher operating expenses were primarily due
to continued investment in R&D and SG&A, reflecting the strategic
importance of this segment to our future growth.
| Embedded Processing | ||||||||||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | vs. 2007 | 2006 | vs. 2006 | ||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 1,631 | $ | 1,588 | 3% | $ | 1,554 | 2% | ||||||||||
| Operating profit | 268 | 290 | -7% | 253 | 15% | |||||||||||||
| Operating profit % of revenue | 16.5 | % | 18.3 | % | 16.3 | % | ||||||||||||
Embedded Processing revenue grew 3
percent compared with 2007 due to increased shipments during the earlier part of
2008, although revenue declined during the fourth quarter. The increase in
revenue from 2007 was due to increased shipments of products for communications
infrastructure applications, and to a lesser extent, catalog products. These
increases more than offset lower revenue from a decline in shipments of products
for automotive applications.
Operating profit was $268 million, or 16.5 percent of
revenue. This was a decrease of $22 million compared with 2007 due to higher
restructuring charges.
| Wireless | |||||||||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | vs. 2007 | 2006 | vs. 2006 | |||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 3,383 | $ | 4,195 | -19% | $ | 4,308 | -3% | |||||||||
| Operating profit | 347 | 763 | -55% | 635 | 20% | ||||||||||||
| Operating profit % of revenue | 10.3 | % | 18.2 | % | 14.7 | % | |||||||||||
Wireless revenue declined $812
million, or 19 percent, from 2007 primarily due to lower shipments of baseband
products, and to a lesser extent, lower shipments of OMAP application
processors. As announced in December 2006, LM Ericsson Telephone Company added a
second supplier of 3G basebands for handset applications, which began to affect
our results in the fourth quarter of 2007 and continued to do so in
2008.
Operating profit was $347 million, or 10.3 percent of revenue. This was a
decrease of $416 million from 2007 due to lower gross profit, and to a lesser
extent, higher restructuring costs. These decreases were partially offset by
lower operating expenses.
In October 2008, we announced we were exploring the
potential sale of our Wireless merchant baseband products operation. We have
since discontinued these efforts, as we concluded that a sale would not achieve
the same value that we believe we will accomplish by retaining this operation
and reducing the investment levels to the minimum required to support our
existing customer engagements. See Note 2 to the Financial Statements regarding
the associated costs and savings.
[ 42 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
| Other | ||||||||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||
| 2008 | 2007 | vs. 2007 | 2006 | vs. 2006 | ||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 2,630 | $ | 3,125 | -16% | $ | 3,647 | -14% | ||||||||
| Operating profit | 772 | 896 | -14% | 1,024 | -13% | |||||||||||
| Operating profit % of revenue | 29.3 | % | 28.7 | % | 28.1 | % | ||||||||||
Revenue from Other was $2.63 billion
in 2008. This was a decline of $495 million, or 16 percent, from 2007 due to, in
decreasing order, a decrease in shipments across a broad range of products, the
effect of the sale of our DSL customer-premises equipment product line in 2007
and lower royalties.
Operating profit for 2008 from Other was $772 million, or
29.3 percent of revenue. This was a decrease of $124 million compared with 2007
due to lower revenue.
Prior results of operations
2007 compared with
2006
Certain amounts below have
been reclassified to conform to the current financial statement
presentation.
Revenue in 2007 was $13.83 billion, down $420 million, or 3 percent, from
2006. This decrease was primarily due to decreased shipments of RISC
microprocessors and DLP products, both of which are included in Other. In
addition, although our Wireless revenue benefited from increased shipments of
products used in cell phone applications, this benefit was insufficient to
offset normal price declines for those products. The collective declines in
these areas more than offset strong Analog growth from high-performance analog
products.
Gross profit was $7.37 billion, or 53.3 percent of revenue. This was an
increase of $110 million from 2006 due to the combination of a greater
percentage of revenue coming from more-profitable Analog and Wireless products,
and continued manufacturing cost
reductions.
Operating expenses were $2.14 billion for R&D and $1.68 billion for
SG&A. R&D decreased $55 million from 2006 because we benefited from more
efficient development of advanced logic manufacturing process technologies
through our collaborative work with foundries. SG&A for 2007 decreased $17
million from 2006.
Operating profit was $3.50 billion, or 25.3 percent of revenue. This was
an increase of $130 million, or 4 percent, from 2006 primarily due to strong
gross profit, and to a lesser extent, lower operating
expenses.
OI&E was $195 million, a decrease of $63 million primarily due to
lower interest income. OI&E in 2006 included benefits from a refund of state
sales tax and final settlement of matters related to grants from the Italian
government regarding our former memory
operations.
The tax provision was $1.05 billion, compared with $987 million for the
prior year. The increase was due to the expiration of the tax benefit for export
sales and, to a lesser extent, an increase in income before income taxes. These
increases were partially offset by a benefit from changes in net discrete tax
items. The tax provision for 2007 contained net discrete tax benefit items of
$28 million. The tax provision for 2006 contained net discrete tax expense items
of $14 million.
Income from continuing operations was $2.64 billion, about the same as
2006. Earnings per share from continuing operations were $1.83, up 8 percent
from 2006. The increase in earnings per share was due to fewer shares
outstanding as a result of our stock repurchases. Average diluted shares
outstanding decreased by 114 million shares from 2006, increasing earnings per
share by $0.13. Our product portfolio required less capital spending than in
past years and is comprised of higher-margin products. As a result, we generated
greater levels of cash that we have returned to shareholders through stock
repurchases and increased
dividends.
Income from discontinued operations was $16 million, compared with $1.70
billion in 2006, which included a $1.67 billion gain from the sale of our former
Sensors & Controls business. Earnings per share from discontinued operations
were $0.01, compared with $1.09.
Net income
was $2.66 billion, or $1.84 per share, compared with $4.34 billion or $2.78 per
share, in 2006.
Analog
Analog revenue in 2007 was $4.93 billion, an increase of
$181 million, or 4 percent, from 2006. The increase was due to increased
shipments of high-performance analog
products.
Operating profit was $1.55 billion, or 31.4 percent of revenue. This was
an increase of $93 million from 2006 due to higher gross profit partially offset
by higher operating expenses.
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 43 ]
Embedded
Processing
Embedded Processing
revenue in 2007 was $1.59 billion, an increase of $34 million, or 2 percent,
from 2006, primarily due to higher revenue from automotive
products.
Operating profit was $290 million,
or 18.3 percent of revenue. This was an increase of $37 million from 2006 due to
higher gross profit.
Wireless
Wireless revenue in 2007 was $4.19 billion, a decrease of
$113 million, or 3 percent, from 2006, as increased shipments of products sold
into cell phone applications were insufficient to offset normal price declines.
Also, the addition by the LM Ericsson Telephone Company of another supplier of
3G basebands for handset applications began to affect our results in the fourth
quarter of 2007.
Operating profit was $763 million, or 18.2 percent of revenue. This was
an increase of $128 million from 2006 due primarily to higher gross profit, and
to a lesser extent, lower operating expenses.
Other
Other revenue in 2007 was $3.12 billion, down $522
million, or 14 percent, from the prior year, primarily due to lower shipments of
RISC microprocessors and, to a lesser extent, of DLP products. Revenue was also
lower due to the divestiture of our DSL customer premises equipment product line
in the third quarter of 2007.
Operating
profit was $896 million, or 28.7 percent of revenue. This was a decrease of $128
million from 2006 due to lower revenue.
Financial
condition
At the end of 2008, total
cash (cash and cash equivalents plus short-term investments) was $2.54 billion,
down $384 million from the end of 2007. Total cash at year-end 2007 included
$1.04 billion of auction-rate securities, which were then classified as
short-term investments. Our remaining auction-rate securities of $482 million at
year-end 2008 are classified as long-term investments and are not included in
total cash at that date. See Notes 8 and 9 to the Financial Statements for
additional information.
Accounts receivable were $913 million at the end of 2008.
This was a decrease of $829 million compared with the end of 2007. Days sales
outstanding were 33 at the end of 2008, compared with 44 at the end of 2007. The
sharp decrease in accounts receivable reflects the significant decrease in
shipments to customers during the fourth quarter of 2008, particularly in
December.
Inventory was $1.38 billion at the
end of 2008, $43 million lower than a year ago, and a reduction of $200 million
from the end of the third quarter of 2008, reflecting the aggressive actions
taken to reduce our inventory. Days of inventory at the end of 2008 were 89,
compared with 79 at the end of 2007, as the reduction in inventory was less than
the decrease in our revenue.
For the year, depreciation was $1.02 billion, unchanged
from 2007. Due to lower revenue in 2008, depreciation rose to 8.2 percent of
revenue. Capital expenditures increased in 2008 as we continued to focus on
facilities and equipment for manufacturing Analog products. Capital expenditures
rose from 5.0 to 6.1 percent of revenue. However, during the fourth quarter we
constrained capital expenditures, as we do not need additional near-term
manufacturing in the current weak demand environment.
Liquidity and capital
resources
Our sources of liquidity
are cash flow from operations, cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments
and revolving credit facilities.
Our primary source of liquidity is cash flow from
operations. Cash flow from operations for 2008 was $3.33 billion, a decrease of
$1.08 billion from the prior year primarily due to lower net income. Cash flow
in 2007 included receipt of a $390 million payment associated with a tax refund
from settlement of prior-year tax
matters.
We
have $1.05 billion of cash and cash equivalents and $1.49 billion of short-term
investments as of December 31, 2008. We have a multi-year $1 billion revolving
credit facility and a non-U.S. revolving credit facility of $175 million. See
Note 13 to the Financial Statements for additional information. As of December
31, 2008, these facilities were not being
utilized.
In 2008, investing activities used $1.18 billion in cash, primarily for
capital expenditures, and to a lesser extent, the net purchase of short-term
investments. For 2008, capital expenditures were $763 million, an increase of
$77 million from 2007 due to higher expenditures for facilities and equipment
for manufacturing Analog products.
For 2008, net cash used in financing activities was $2.43
billion, compared with $4.48 billion in 2007. We used $2.12 billion of cash to
repurchase 80 million shares of our common stock in 2008, compared with $4.89
billion used to repurchase 147 million shares of our common stock in 2007.
Dividends paid in 2008 of $537 million, compared with $425 million in 2007,
reflect the effect of increases in the quarterly dividend rate in the second and
fourth quarters of 2007, as well as an increase (to $0.11 per share) in the
fourth quarter of 2008. The effect of the dividend rate increases on total
dividends paid in 2008 was partially offset by the lower number of shares
outstanding. Employee exercises of TI stock options are also reflected in cash
from financing activities. In 2008, such exercises provided cash proceeds of
$210 million, compared with $761 million in 2007.
In April 2007, we retired $43 million of outstanding
8.75% notes upon maturity. We have no debt outstanding.
[ 44 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
In
2007, the board of directors authorized the repurchase of an additional $5
billion of our common stock. Cumulatively, our board of directors has authorized
$20 billion in stock repurchases since September 2004. At year-end 2008, $3.55
billion of these authorizations
remain.
We
believe we have the necessary financial resources and operating plans to fund
our working capital needs, capital expenditures, dividend payments and other
business requirements for at least the next 12 months.
Long-term contractual obligations
| Payments Due by Period | |||||||||||||||
| Contractual Obligations | 2009 | 2010/2011 | 2012/2013 | Thereafter | Total | ||||||||||
| Operating lease obligations (a) | $ | 81 | $ | 121 | $ | 79 | $ | 123 | $ | 404 | |||||
| Software license obligations (b) | 67 | 40 | 3 | | 110 | ||||||||||
| Purchase obligations (c) | 116 | 44 | 8 | 20 | 188 | ||||||||||
| Retirement plans funding (d) | 41 | | | | 41 | ||||||||||
| Deferred compensation plan (e) | 13 | 29 | 54 | 42 | 138 | ||||||||||
| Total (f) | $ | 318 | $ | 234 | $ | 144 | $ | 185 | $ | 881 | |||||
| (a) | Includes minimum payments for leased facilities and equipment, as well as purchases of industrial gases under contracts accounted for as an operating lease. | |
| (b) | Includes payments under license agreements for electronic design automation software. | |
| (c) | Includes contractual arrangements with suppliers where there is a fixed non-cancellable payment schedule or minimum payments due with a reduced delivery schedule. Excluded from the table are cancellable arrangements. However, depending on when certain purchase arrangements may be cancelled, an additional $12 million of cancellation penalties may be required to be paid, which are not reflected in the table. | |
| (d) | Includes the contributions expected to be made during 2009. Funding projections beyond 2009 are not practical to estimate due to the rules affecting tax-deductible contributions and the impact from the plans asset performance, interest rates and potential U.S. and international legislation. | |
| (e) | Includes an estimate of payments under this plan for the liability that existed at December 31, 2008. | |
| (f) | Excluded from the table above are $148 million of uncertain tax liabilities under FIN 48. These amounts have been excluded because of the difficulty in making reasonably reliable estimates of the timing of cash settlements with the respective taxing authorities. | |
Critical accounting
policies
In preparing our
consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States, we use statistical analyses, estimates
and projections that affect the reported amounts and related disclosures and may
vary from actual results. We consider the following accounting policies to be
both those that are most important to the portrayal of our financial condition
and that require the most subjective judgment. If actual results differ
significantly from managements estimates and projections, there could be a
significant effect on our financial statements.
Revenue
recognition
Revenue from sales of our
products is recognized upon shipment or delivery, depending upon the terms of
the sales order, provided that persuasive evidence of a sales arrangement
exists, title and risk of loss have transferred to the customer, the sales
amount is fixed or determinable and collection of the revenue is reasonably
assured. A portion of our sales is to distributors. We recognize revenue from
sales of our products to distributors upon delivery of product to the
distributors consistent with the above
principles.
We reduce revenue based on estimates of future credits to be granted to
customers. Credits are granted for reasons such as prompt payment discounts,
volume-based incentives, other special pricing arrangements and product returns
due to quality issues. Our estimates of future credits are based on historical
experience, analysis of product shipments and contractual arrangements with
customers.
Distributor revenue is recognized net of allowances, which are
managements estimates based on analysis of historical data, current economic
conditions and contractual terms. These allowances recognize the impact of
credits granted to distributors under certain programs common in the
semiconductor industry whereby distributors receive certain price adjustments to
meet individual competitive opportunities, or are allowed to return or scrap a
limited amount of product in accordance with contractual terms agreed upon with
the distributor, or receive price protection credits when our standard published
prices are lowered from the price the distributor paid for product still in its
inventory. Historical claims data are maintained for each of the programs, with
differences among geographic regions
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 45 ]
taken into consideration. We
continually monitor the actual claimed allowances against our estimates, and we
adjust our estimates as appropriate to reflect trends in distributor revenue and
inventory levels. Allowances are also adjusted when recent historical data do
not represent anticipated future
activity.
Our contractual agreements with our intellectual property licensees
determine the amount and timing of royalty revenue. Royalty revenue is
recognized when earned according to the terms of the agreements and when
realization of payment is considered probable by management. Where royalties are
based upon licensee sales, we recognize royalty revenue upon the sale by the
licensee of royalty-bearing products, as estimated by us, based on historical
experience and analysis of annual sales results of licensees. Estimates are
periodically adjusted as a result of reviews of reported results of licensees,
which reviews may take the form of independent audits. Where warranted, revenue
from licensees may be recognized on a cash
basis.
In
addition, we monitor collectibility of accounts receivable primarily through
review of the accounts receivable aging. When facts and circumstances indicate
the collection of specific amounts or from specific customers is at risk, we
assess the impact on amounts recorded for bad debts and, if necessary, will
record a charge in the period such determination is made.
Income taxes
In determining net income for financial statement
purposes, we must make certain estimates and judgments in the calculation of tax
provisions and the resultant tax liabilities, and in the recoverability of
deferred tax assets that arise from temporary differences between the tax and
financial statement recognition of revenue and
expense.
In
the ordinary course of global business, there may be many transactions and
calculations where the ultimate tax outcome is uncertain. The calculation of tax
liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex
tax laws. We recognize potential liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues in
the U.S. and other tax jurisdictions based on an estimate of the ultimate
resolution of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due.
Although we believe the estimates are reasonable, no assurance can be given that
the final outcome of these matters will not be different than what is reflected
in the historical income tax provisions and
accruals.
As part of our financial process, we must assess the likelihood that our
deferred tax assets can be recovered. If recovery is not likely, the provision
for taxes must be increased by recording a reserve in the form of a valuation
allowance for the deferred tax assets that are estimated not to be ultimately
recoverable. In this process, certain relevant criteria are evaluated including
the existence of deferred tax liabilities that can be used to absorb deferred
tax assets, the taxable income in prior years that can be used to absorb net
operating losses and credit carrybacks, and taxable income in future years. Our
judgment regarding future taxable income may change due to market conditions,
changes in U.S. or international tax laws and other factors. These changes, if
any, may require material adjustments to the deferred tax assets and an
accompanying reduction or increase in net income in the period when such
determinations are made.
In addition to the factors described above, the effective
tax rate reflected in forward-looking statements is based on then-current tax
law. Significant changes during the year in enacted tax law could affect these
estimates.
Inventory valuation
allowances
Inventory is valued net of
allowances for unsalable or obsolete raw materials, work-in-process and finished
goods. Allowances are determined quarterly by comparing inventory levels of
individual materials and parts to historical usage rates, current backlog and
estimated future sales and by analyzing the age of inventory, in order to
identify specific components of inventory that are judged unlikely to be sold.
Allowances are also calculated quarterly for instances where inventoried costs
for individual products are in excess of market prices for those products. In
addition to this specific identification process, statistical allowances are
calculated for remaining inventory based on historical write-offs of inventory
for salability and obsolescence reasons. Inventory is written off in the period
in which disposal occurs. Actual future write-offs of inventory for salability
and obsolescence reasons may differ from estimates and calculations used to
determine valuation allowances due to changes in customer demand, customer
negotiations, technology shifts and other factors.
Impairment of long-lived
assets
We review long-lived assets
for impairment when certain indicators suggest the carrying amount may not be
recoverable. This review process primarily focuses on intangible assets from
business acquisitions; property, plant and equipment; and software for internal
use or embedded in products sold to customers. Factors considered include the
under-performance of an asset compared with expectations and shortened useful
lives due to planned changes in the use of the assets. Recoverability is
determined by comparing the carrying amount of long-lived assets to estimated
future undiscounted cash flows. If future undiscounted cash flows are less than
the carrying amount of the long-lived assets, an impairment charge would be
recognized for the excess of the carrying amount over fair value determined by
either a quoted market price, if any, or a value determined by utilizing a
discounted cash-flow technique. Additionally, in the case of assets that will
continue to be used in future periods, a shortened depreciable life may be
utilized if appropriate, resulting in accelerated amortization or depreciation
based upon the expected net realizable value of the asset at the date the asset
will no longer be utilized. Actual results may vary from estimates due to, among
other things, differences in operating results, shorter useful lives of assets
and lower market values for excess assets.
[ 46 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
Valuation of auction-rate
securities
The fair value of our
auction-rate securities is estimated using a discounted cash flow (DCF) model
that requires inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and
reflect significant management judgment. Assumptions used in preparing the DCF
model include estimates for the amount and timing of future interest and
principal payments and the rate of return required by investors to own these
securities in the current environment. In making these assumptions, we consider
relevant factors including: the formula for each security that defines the
interest rate paid to investors in the event of a failed auction; forward
projections of the interest rate benchmarks specified in such formulas; the
likely timing of principal repayments; the probability of full repayment
considering the guarantees by the U.S. Department of Education of the underlying
student loans, guarantees by other third parties, and additional credit
enhancements provided through other means; and, publicly available pricing data
for recently traded student loan asset-backed securities that are not subject to
auctions. Our estimate of the rate of return required by investors to own these
securities also considers the current reduced liquidity for auction-rate
securities. See Note 10 to the Financial Statements for details of fair-value
measurements.
Changes in accounting
standards
See Note 10 to the
Financial Statements for a discussion of the impact of adopting SFAS 157,
Fair Value Measurements.
See Changes in Accounting Standards in Note 1 to the
Financial Statements for a discussion of new accounting and reporting standards
that have not yet been adopted.
Off-balance sheet
arrangements
As of December 31, 2008,
we had no significant off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in Item
303(a)(4)(ii) of SEC Regulation S-K.
Commitments and
contingencies
See Note 14 to the
Financial Statements for a discussion of our commitments and
contingencies.
Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk
Foreign exchange
risk
The U.S. dollar is the
functional currency for financial reporting. We use forward currency exchange
contracts to reduce the adverse earnings impact exchange rate fluctuations may
have on our non-U.S. dollar net balance sheet exposures. For example, at
year-end 2008, we had forward currency exchange contracts outstanding with a
notional value of $600 million to hedge net balance sheet exposures (including
$187 million to sell euros, $34 million to sell British pounds and $263 million
to sell Japanese yen). Similar hedging activities existed at year-end
2007.
Because most of the aggregate non-U.S. dollar balance sheet exposure is
hedged by these forward currency exchange contracts, based on year-end 2008
balances and rates, a hypothetical 10 percent plus or minus fluctuation in
non-U.S. currency exchange rates would result in a pre-tax currency exchange
gain or loss of approximately $13 million.
Interest rate
risk
As of December 31, 2008 and
2007, we have no debt. Therefore, our primary exposure to changes in interest
rates is limited to the effects on the fair values of our investments in cash
equivalents and short-term investments. The effect of changes in interest rates
on the fair value of our cash equivalents and short-term investments has not
been material during 2008 or 2007 due to the primarily short-term duration of
our investments. A hypothetical increase or decrease of 100 basis points in the
applicable interest rates associated with these investments as of year-end 2008
would have resulted in a decrease of approximately $17 million and an increase
of approximately $15 million in the fair value of these securities, respectively
(in the instance of falling rates, the hypothetical change in value assumes that
no interest rate on any individual security could drop below zero). Because the
coupon rates applicable to our auction-rate securities reset every 7, 28 or 35
days to maximum rates indexed to short-term interest rate benchmarks defined for
each security, a change in the general level of interest rates is not expected
to cause a significant change in the fair value of our long-term investments in
those securities. While an increase in interest rates reduces the fair value of
the investment portfolio, we will not recognize the losses in other income
(expense) net unless the individual securities are sold prior to recovery or the
impairment is determined to be other-than-temporary.
Equity risk
Long-term investments at year-end 2008 include the
following:
- Equity investments includes non-marketable (non-publicly traded) equity securities.
- Investments in venture capital funds includes investments in limited partnerships (accounted for under either the equity or cost methods).
- Investments in mutual funds includes mutual funds that were selected to generate returns that offset changes in certain liabilities related to deferred compensation arrangements. The mutual funds hold a variety of debt and equity investments.
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 47 ]
Non-marketable equity securities and some venture capital funds are stated at cost. Impairments deemed to be other-than-temporary are expensed in net income. Investments in the remaining venture capital funds are stated using the equity method. Investments in mutual funds are stated at fair value. Changes in prices of the mutual fund investments are expected to offset related changes in deferred compensation liabilities such that a 10 percent increase or decrease in the investments fair values would not materially affect operating results. See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for details of equity and other long-term investments.
| Quarterly financial data | ||||||||||||
| (Millions of dollars, except per-share amounts) | ||||||||||||
| Quarter | ||||||||||||
| 2008 | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | ||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 3,272 | $ | 3,351 | $ | 3,387 | $ | 2,491 | ||||
| Gross profit | 1,756 | 1,749 | 1,643 | 1,097 | ||||||||
| Operating profit | 807 | 833 | 746 | 51 | ||||||||
| Net income | $ | 662 | $ | 588 | $ | 563 | $ | 107 | ||||
| Earnings per common share: | ||||||||||||
| Basic earnings per common share | $ | 0.50 | $ | 0.45 | $ | 0.43 | $ | 0.08 | ||||
| Diluted earnings per common share | $ | 0.49 | $ | 0.44 | $ | 0.43 | $ | 0.08 | ||||
| Quarter | ||||||||||||
| 2007 | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | ||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 3,191 | $ | 3,424 | $ | 3,663 | $ | 3,556 | ||||
| Gross profit (a) | 1,646 | 1,795 | 1,997 | 1,931 | ||||||||
| Operating profit | 680 | 809 | 1,013 | 996 | ||||||||
| Net income | $ | 516 | $ | 610 | $ | 776 | $ | 756 | ||||
| Earnings per common share: | ||||||||||||
| Basic earnings per common share | $ | 0.36 | $ | 0.42 | $ | 0.55 | $ | 0.55 | ||||
| Diluted earnings per common share | $ | 0.35 | $ | 0.42 | $ | 0.54 | $ | 0.54 | ||||
| (a) | To conform to the 2008 presentation, amounts have changed from the prior presentation due to the reclassification of restructuring costs previously reported in cost of revenue ($9 million for the first quarter, $11 million for the second quarter, $13 million for the third quarter and $4 million for the fourth quarter). |
Included in the results above were the following items:
| Quarter | ||||||||||||
| 2008 | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | ||||||||
| Federal research tax credit benefit (a) | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 67 | ||||
| Restructuring expense (b) | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 254 | ||||
| 2007 | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | ||||||||
| Gain on sale of asset (c) | $ | | $ | | $ | 39 | $ | | ||||
| Restructuring expense (b) | $ | 14 | $ | 17 | $ | 15 | $ | 6 | ||||
| (a) | The U.S. federal research tax credit was reinstated in October 2008 and was retroactive to the beginning of 2008. | |
| (b) | See Note 2 to the Financial Statements for additional information. | |
| (c) | Reflects the gain on the sale of our broadband digital subscriber line (DSL) customer-premises equipment semiconductor product line to Infineon Technologies AG for $61 million and recognizing a pre-tax gain of $39 million in cost of revenue. | |
[ 48 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT
Common stock prices and
dividends
TI common stock is listed
on the New York Stock Exchange and traded principally in that market. The table
below shows the high and low closing prices of TI common stock as reported by
Bloomberg L.P. and the dividends paid per common share for each quarter during
the past two years.
| Quarter | |||||||||||||
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | ||||||||||
| Stock prices: | |||||||||||||
| 2008 | High | $ | 33.24 | $ | 33.00 | $ | 29.30 | $ | 21.76 | ||||
| Low | 27.51 | 28.01 | 21.30 | 13.38 | |||||||||
| 2007 | High | $ | 32.59 | $ | 37.78 | $ | 39.18 | $ | 36.81 | ||||
| Low | 28.32 | 29.90 | 32.32 | 30.41 | |||||||||
| Dividends paid: | |||||||||||||
| 2008 | $ | 0.10 | $ | 0.10 | $ | 0.10 | $ | 0.11 | |||||
| 2007 | $ | 0.04 | $ | 0.08 | $ | 0.08 | $ | 0.10 | |||||
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 2008 ANNUAL REPORT [ 49 ]