1.0.0.3 false Summary of Significant Accounting Policies false 1 $ false false iso4217_USD Standard http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217 USD iso4217 0 iso4217_USD_per_shares Divide http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217 USD iso4217 http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance shares 0 shares Standard http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance shares 0 5 3 us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock us-gaap true na duration string No definition available. false false false false false false false false false 1 false false 0 0 <div> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2"><b>Note&#xA0;1.&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</b></font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">The accounting and financial reporting policies of State Street Corporation conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, referred to as GAAP. State Street Corporation, the parent company, is a financial holding company headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. Unless otherwise indicated or unless the context requires otherwise, all references in these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements to &#x201C;State Street,&#x201D; &#x201C;we,&#x201D; &#x201C;us,&#x201D; &#x201C;our&#x201D; or similar references mean State Street Corporation and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. Our principal banking subsidiary, State Street Bank and Trust Company, is referred to as State Street Bank. We have two lines of business:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 6px"> &#xA0;</p> <table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td width="4%"><font size="1">&#xA0;</font></td> <td valign="top" width="1%" align="left"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">&#x2022;</font></td> <td valign="top" width="1%"><font size="1">&#xA0;</font></td> <td valign="top" align="left"> <p align="left"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Investment Servicing provides services for U.S. mutual funds, collective investment funds and other investment pools, corporate and public retirement plans, insurance companies, foundations and endowments worldwide. Products include custody, product- and participant-level accounting; daily pricing and administration; master trust and master custody; recordkeeping; foreign exchange, brokerage and other trading services; securities finance; deposit and short-term investment facilities; loans and lease financing; investment manager and alternative investment manager operations outsourcing; and performance, risk and compliance analytics to support institutional investors.</font></p> </td> </tr> </table> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 6px"> &#xA0;</p> <table style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td width="4%"><font size="1">&#xA0;</font></td> <td valign="top" width="1%" align="left"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">&#x2022;</font></td> <td valign="top" width="1%"><font size="1">&#xA0;</font></td> <td valign="top" align="left"> <p align="left"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Investment Management offers a broad array of services for managing financial assets, including investment management and investment research services, primarily for institutional investors worldwide. These services include passive and active U.S. and non-U.S. equity and fixed-income strategies, and other related services, such as securities finance.</font></p> </td> </tr> </table> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions in the application of certain of our accounting policies that materially affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses. As a result of unanticipated events or circumstances, actual results could differ from those estimates. Events occurring subsequent to the date of our consolidated statement of condition were evaluated for potential recognition or disclosure in our consolidated financial statements through February&#xA0;22, 2010, the date we filed this Form 10-K with the SEC.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">The following is a summary of our significant accounting policies.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Basis of Presentation:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the parent company and its majority- and wholly-owned subsidiaries, including State Street Bank, as well as the four asset-backed commercial paper conduits which we consolidated in May 2009 and the partnership trusts utilized in connection with our tax-exempt investment program. All material inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated. Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">We consolidate subsidiaries in which we hold a majority of the voting rights or exercise control. Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries, recorded in other assets, are generally accounted for using the equity method of accounting if we have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operations of the investee. For investments accounted for under the equity method, our share of income or loss is recorded in processing fees and other revenue in our consolidated statement of income. Investments not meeting the criteria for equity method treatment are accounted for using the cost method of accounting.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Foreign Currency Translation:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">The assets and liabilities of our operations with functional currencies other than the U.S. dollar are translated at month-end exchange rates, and revenue and expenses are translated at rates that approximate average monthly exchange rates. Gains or losses from the translation of the net assets of subsidiaries with functional currencies other than the U.S. dollar, net of related taxes, are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income, a component of shareholders&#x2019; equity in our consolidated statement of condition.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font size="1">&#xA0;</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Cash and Cash Equivalents:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">For purposes of the consolidated statement of cash flows, we have defined cash and cash equivalents as cash and due from banks.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Securities Purchased Under Resale Agreements and Securities Sold Under Repurchase Agreements:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities, referred to as &#x201C;U.S. government securities,&#x201D; purchased under resale agreements or sold under repurchase agreements are treated as collateralized financing transactions, and are recorded in our consolidated statement of condition at the amounts at which the securities will be subsequently resold or repurchased, plus accrued interest. Our policy is to take possession or control of securities underlying resale agreements, allowing borrowers the right of collateral substitution and/or short-notice termination. We revalue these securities daily to determine if additional collateral is necessary from the borrower to protect us against credit exposure. We can use these securities as collateral for repurchase agreements. For securities sold under repurchase agreements collateralized by our U.S. government securities portfolio, the dollar value of the U.S. government securities remains in investment securities in our consolidated statement of condition. Where a master netting agreement exists or both parties are members of a common clearing organization, resale and repurchase agreements with the same counterparty or clearing house and maturity date are reported on a net basis.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Investment Securities:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Investment securities held by us are classified as either trading account assets, investment securities available for sale or investment securities held to maturity at the time of purchase, based on management&#x2019;s intentions.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Trading account assets are debt and equity securities purchased in connection with our trading activities and, as such, are expected to be sold in the near term. Our trading activities typically involve active and frequent buying and selling with the objective of generating profits on short-term movements. Securities available for sale are those that we intend to hold for an indefinite period of time. Available-for-sale securities include securities utilized as part of our asset and liability management activities that may be sold in response to changes in interest rates, pre-payment risk, liquidity needs or other similar factors. Securities held to maturity are debt securities that management has the intent and the ability to hold to maturity.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Trading account assets are carried at fair value. Both realized and unrealized gains and losses on trading account assets are recorded in trading services revenue in our consolidated statement of income. Debt and marketable equity securities classified as available for sale are carried at fair value, and after-tax net unrealized gains and losses are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income. Gains or losses realized on sales of available-for-sale securities are computed using the specific identification method and are recorded in gains (losses) related to investment securities, net, in our consolidated statement of income. Securities held to maturity are carried at cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Management reviews the fair values of investment securities at least quarterly, and evaluates individual securities for impairment that may be deemed to be other than temporary. For impaired securities that we plan to sell, or when it is more likely than not that we will be forced to sell, the security, the impairment is deemed to be other than temporary. Otherwise, management determines whether or not it expects to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security, primarily by comparing the present value of expected future principal, interest and other contractual cash flows to the amortized cost basis. When management concludes that other-than-temporary impairment exists, the impairment is separated into the amount related to credit losses and the amount related to factors other than credit. The amount related to credit losses is recognized in our consolidated statement of income in gains (losses) related to investment securities, net, and the amortized cost basis of the security is written down by this amount. The portion of impairment related to all other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font size="1">&#xA0;</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Interest revenue for debt securities is recognized in our consolidated statement of income using the interest method, or on a basis approximating a level rate of return over the contractual or estimated life of the security. The level rate of return considers any nonrefundable fees or costs, as well as purchase premiums or discounts, resulting in amortization or accretion accordingly.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">With respect to debt securities acquired, for those which management considers it probable as of the date of acquisition that we will be unable to collect all contractually required principal, interest and other payments, the excess of management&#x2019;s estimate of undiscounted future cash flows from these securities over their initial recorded investment is accreted into interest revenue on a level-yield basis over the securities&#x2019; estimated remaining terms. Subsequent decreases in these securities&#x2019; expected future cash flows are either recognized prospectively through an adjustment of the yields on the securities over their remaining terms, or are evaluated for other-than-temporary impairment as described above. Increases in expected future cash flows are recognized prospectively over the securities&#x2019; estimated remaining terms through the recalculation of their yields.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">With respect to debt securities acquired which are considered to be beneficial interests in securitized financial assets, for certain of these beneficial interests, the excess of management&#x2019;s estimate of undiscounted future cash flows from these securities over their initial recorded investment is accreted into interest revenue on a level-yield basis over the securities&#x2019; estimated remaining terms. Subsequent decreases in these securities&#x2019; expected future cash flows are either recognized prospectively through an adjustment of the yields on the securities over their remaining terms, or are evaluated for other-than-temporary impairment as described above. Increases in expected future cash flows are recognized prospectively over the securities&#x2019; estimated remaining terms through the recalculation of their yields.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Loans and Lease Financing:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Loans generally are recorded at their principal amount outstanding, net of the allowance for loan losses, unearned income, and any net unamortized deferred loan origination fees. Acquired loans are recorded at fair value, based on management&#x2019;s expectation with respect to future principal and interest collection as of the date of acquisition. The carrying amount of acquired loans is evaluated periodically using a discounted cash flow model, which incorporates management expectations of future principal and interest collection. The impact of any changes in expectations is recognized in our consolidated results of operations through either a provision for loan losses or an adjustment to the yield of the loans.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Loans acquired with evidence of deterioration in credit quality subsequent to origination, and for which it is probable on the date of acquisition that we will be unable to collect all contractually required payments, are recorded at the lower of cost or fair value. The excess of expected future cash flows from these loans over their initial recorded investment is accreted into interest revenue on a level yield basis over the remaining life of the loans. The carrying amount of acquired loans is assessed on an ongoing basis using a discounted cash flow model, which incorporates management expectations of prepayments. Subsequent decreases in expected cash flows result in an increase to the related valuation allowance to allow the loan to maintain its level yield. Increases in expected cash flows are recognized, first, as a reduction of any remaining valuation allowance, and then recognized prospectively over the remaining life of the loan through a recalculation of the loan&#x2019;s level yield.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Interest revenue for loans is recognized in our consolidated statement of income using the interest method or on a basis approximating a level rate of return over the term of the loan. Fees received for providing loan commitments and letters of credit that we anticipate will result in loans typically are deferred and amortized to interest revenue over the life of the related loan, beginning with the initial borrowing. Fees on commitments and letters of credit are amortized to processing fees and other revenue over the commitment period when funding is not known or expected.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Loans are placed on non-accrual status when they become 60&#xA0;days past-due as to either principal or interest, or earlier when full collection of principal or interest is not considered probable. Loans 60&#xA0;days past-due, but considered both well secured and in the process of collection, are treated as exceptions and may be excluded from non-accrual status. When we place a loan on non-accrual status, the accrual of interest is discontinued and previously recorded but unpaid interest is reversed and generally charged against interest revenue. For loans on non-accrual status, revenue is recognized on a cash basis after recovery of principal, if and when interest payments are received.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font size="1">&#xA0;</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Leveraged lease investments are reported at the aggregate of lease payments receivable and estimated residual values, net of non-recourse debt and unearned income. Lease residual values are reviewed regularly for other-than-temporary impairment, with valuation adjustments recorded currently against processing fees and other revenue. Unearned income is recognized to yield a level rate of return on the net investment in the leases. Gains and losses on residual values of leased equipment sold are recorded in processing fees and other revenue.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Allowance for Loan Losses:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">The adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, recorded in our consolidated statement of condition, is evaluated on a regular basis by management. Factors considered in evaluating the adequacy of the allowance include previous loss experience, current economic conditions and adverse situations that may affect the borrower&#x2019;s ability to repay, the estimated value of the underlying collateral, if any, and the performance of individual credits in relation to contract terms, and other relevant factors. The provision for loan losses, recorded in our consolidated statement of income, is based upon management&#x2019;s estimate of the amount necessary to maintain the allowance at a level adequate to absorb estimated probable credit losses.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Loans are charged off to the allowance for loan losses in the reporting period in which either an event occurs that confirms the existence of a loss or a loan or a portion of a loan is determined to be uncollectible. Recoveries are recorded as additions to the allowance on a cash basis.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">In addition, we maintain a reserve for off-balance sheet credit exposures that is recorded in other liabilities in our consolidated statement of condition. The adequacy of this reserve is subject to the same considerations and review as the allowance for loan losses. Provisions to change the level of this reserve are recorded in other expenses in our consolidated statement of income.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Premises and Equipment:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Buildings, leasehold improvements, computers, software and other equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization, recorded in occupancy expense and information systems and communications expense in our consolidated statement of income, are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets or the remaining terms of the leases, generally 3 to 40&#xA0;years. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred, while major leasehold improvements are capitalized and expensed over their estimated useful lives or terms of the lease. For premises held under leases for which we have an obligation to restore the facilities to their original condition upon expiration of the lease, we expense the anticipated related costs over the term of the lease.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Costs related to internal-use software development projects that provide significant new functionality are capitalized. We consider projects for capitalization that are expected to yield long-term operational benefits, such as applications that result in operational efficiencies and/or incremental revenue streams. Software customization costs relating to specific customer enhancements are expensed as incurred.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the net tangible and other intangible assets acquired. Other intangible assets represent purchased assets that can be distinguished from goodwill because of contractual rights or because the asset can be exchanged on its own or in combination with a related contract, asset or liability. Goodwill is not amortized, but is subject to annual evaluation for impairment. Other intangible assets related to customer relationships generally are amortized on a straight-line basis over periods ranging from twelve to twenty years, and core deposit intangible assets over twenty-two years, with amortization recorded in other expenses. Impairment of goodwill is deemed to exist if the carrying value of a reporting unit, including its allocation of goodwill and other intangible assets, exceeds its estimated fair value. Impairment of other intangible assets is deemed to exist if the balance of the other intangible asset exceeds the cumulative expected net cash inflows related to the asset over its remaining estimated useful life. If these reviews determine that goodwill or other intangible assets are impaired, the value of the goodwill or the other intangible asset is written down through a charge to other expenses.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font size="1">&#xA0;</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Fee and Net Interest Revenue:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Fees from investment servicing, investment management, securities finance, trading services and certain types of processing fees and other revenue are recorded in our consolidated statement of income based on estimates or specific contractual terms as transactions occur or services are rendered, provided that persuasive evidence exists, the price to the customer is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. Amounts accrued at period-end are recorded in accrued income receivable in our consolidated statement of condition. Performance fees from investment management are recorded when earned, based on predetermined benchmarks associated with the applicable fund&#x2019;s performance.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Interest revenue on interest-earning assets and interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities are recorded in our consolidated statement of income and are generally based on the effective yield of the related financial asset or liability.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Employee Benefits Expense:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Employee benefits expense, recorded in our consolidated statement of income, includes costs of certain pension and other post-retirement benefit plans related to prior and current service, which are accrued on a current basis, as well as contributions associated with defined contribution savings plans, unrestricted cash and stock awards under other employee incentive compensation plans, and the amortization of restricted stock awards.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Equity-Based Compensation:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">We record compensation expense equal to the estimated fair value on the grant date of common stock options granted to employees in our consolidated statement of income, on a straight-line basis over the options&#x2019; vesting period. We record compensation expense for equity-based awards other than stock options based on the timing of vesting.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">We use a Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of the options granted. The fair values of equity-based awards other than options, such as restricted stock and deferred stock,&#xA0;are based on the price of our common stock on the date of grant, adjusted if appropriate based upon the award&#x2019;s eligibility to receive dividends. The option pricing model utilizes weighted-average assumptions regarding the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. This model is based primarily on the historical exercise behavior attributable to previous option grants, the estimated yield from dividends paid on our common stock over the expected term of the options, the expected volatility of the price of our common stock over a period equal to the expected term of the options, and a risk-free interest rate based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve at the time of grant for a period equal to the expected term of the options granted.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Compensation expense for equity-based awards with terms that provide for a graded vesting schedule, for which portions of the award vest in increments over the required service period, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the required service period for the entire award. The expense is adjusted for assumptions with respect to the estimated amount of awards that will be forfeited prior to vesting, and for employees who have met certain retirement eligibility criteria. Dividend equivalents for certain equity-based awards are paid on stock units on a current basis prior to vesting and distribution.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Income Taxes:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">We use an asset and liability approach to account for income taxes. Our objective is to recognize the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year through charges or credits to the current tax provision, and to recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences resulting from temporary differences between the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and their respective tax bases. The measurement of tax assets and liabilities is based on enacted tax laws and applicable tax rates. The effects of a tax position on our consolidated financial statements are recognized when we believe it more likely than not that the position will be sustained. A deferred tax valuation allowance is established if it is considered more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font size="1">&#xA0;</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Earnings Per Share:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Basic earnings per share is calculated pursuant to the &#x201C;two-class&#x201D; method, using net income available to common shareholders and the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, including participating securities. Participating securities are composed of unvested restricted stock and director stock awards, which are unvested equity-based awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends, and are considered to participate with common shareholders in undistributed earnings. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period and the shares representing the dilutive effect of stock options and awards and other equity-related financial instruments. The effect of stock options and restricted stock outstanding is excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share in periods in which their effect would be antidilutive.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Fair Value Measurements:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">We carry certain of our financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis. These financial assets and liabilities are composed of trading account assets, investment securities available for sale and various types of derivative financial instruments. In addition, we measure certain assets, such as goodwill and other long-lived assets, at fair value on a non-recurring basis to evaluate those assets for potential impairment. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">We categorize our financial assets and liabilities into the following fair value hierarchy:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 4%"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Level 1 &#x2013; Financial assets and liabilities with values based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market. Examples of level&#xA0;1 financial instruments include active exchange-traded equity securities and certain U.S. government securities.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 4%"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Level 2 &#x2013; Financial assets and liabilities with values based on quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. Examples of level 2 financial instruments include various types of fixed-income investment securities and interest-rate and foreign exchange derivative instruments. Pricing models are utilized to estimate fair value for certain financial assets and liabilities categorized in level 2.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 4%"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Level 3 &#x2013; Financial assets and liabilities with values based on prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable in the market and significant to the overall fair value measurement. These inputs reflect management&#x2019;s judgment about the assumptions that a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability, and are based on the best available information, some of which is internally developed. Examples of level 3 financial instruments include asset- and mortgage-backed securities and certain derivative instruments with little or no market activity and a resulting lack of price transparency.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">When determining the fair value measurements for financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value on a recurring basis, we consider the principal or most advantageous market in which we would transact and consider assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. When possible, we look to active and observable markets to price identical assets or liabilities. When identical assets and liabilities are not traded in active markets, we look to market observable data for similar assets and liabilities. Nevertheless, certain assets and liabilities are not actively traded in observable markets, and we use alternative valuation techniques to derive fair value measurements.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Special Purpose Entities:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">We are involved with various types of special purpose entities, or SPEs, in the normal course of our business.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">We use trusts to structure and sell certificated interests in pools of tax-exempt investment-grade assets principally to our mutual fund customers. These trusts are recorded in our consolidated financial statements. We transfer assets to these trusts, which are legally isolated from us, from our investment securities portfolio at book value. The trusts finance the acquisition of these assets by selling certificated interests issued by the trusts to third-party investors. The investment securities of the trusts are carried in investment securities available for sale at fair value. The certificated interests are carried in other short-term borrowings in our consolidated statement of financial condition at the amount owed to the third-party investors. The interest revenue and interest expense generated by the investments and certificated interests, respectively, are recorded in net interest revenue when earned or incurred.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">We use conduits in connection with an asset-backed commercial paper program that provides short-term investments for our customers. The conduits, which are administered by us, are third-party owned and are structured as bankruptcy-remote limited liability companies. The conduits purchase financial assets with various asset classifications from a variety of independent third parties and fund those purchases through our customer deposit base, the issuance of commercial paper to independent third parties or other short-term sources of liquidity. We do not sell our own assets to these conduits, and we hold no direct or indirect ownership interest in them. These conduits meet the definition of a variable interest entity, or VIE, as defined by existing accounting standards. We have determined that we are the primary beneficiary of the conduits, as defined by existing accounting standards, and the conduits are recorded in our consolidated financial statements.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">We manage the collateral in certain third-party investment vehicles, referred to as CDOs, which structure and sell debt and equity securities to investors. These CDOs purchase a portfolio of diversified assets and fund these asset purchases through the issuance of several tranches of debt and equity, the repayment and return of which are linked to the performance of the assets in the CDO. Typically, our involvement is only as collateral manager. We may also invest in a small percentage of the debt issued by the CDO. These CDOs typically meet the definition of a VIE. We have determined that we are not the primary beneficiary of these CDOs, and do not record them in our consolidated financial statements. We receive fees for asset management services provided to the CDOs, which are based on market price and are recorded in processing fees and other revenue when earned.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Derivative Financial Instruments:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">A derivative financial instrument is a financial instrument or other contract which has one or more referenced indices and one or more notional amounts, either no initial net investment or a smaller initial net investment than would be expected for similar types of contracts, and which requires or permits net settlement. Derivatives that we enter into include forwards, futures, swaps, options and other instruments with similar characteristics.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">We record derivatives in our consolidated statement of condition at their fair value. On the date a derivative contract is entered into, we designate the derivative as: (1)&#xA0;a hedge of the fair value of a recognized fixed-rate asset or liability or of an unrecognized firm commitment (a &#x201C;fair value&#x201D; hedge); (2)&#xA0;a hedge of a forecasted transaction or of the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized variable-rate asset or liability (a &#x201C;cash flow&#x201D; hedge); (3)&#xA0;a foreign currency fair value or cash flow hedge (a &#x201C;foreign currency&#x201D; hedge); (4)&#xA0;a hedge of a net investment in a non-U.S. operation; or (5)&#xA0;held for trading purposes (&#x201C;trading&#x201D; instruments).</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective&#x2014;and that is designated and qualifies as a fair value hedge&#x2014;are recorded currently in processing fees and other revenue, along with the changes in fair value of the hedged asset or liability attributable to the hedged risk. Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective&#x2014;and that is designated and qualifies as a cash flow hedge&#x2014;are recorded, net of tax, in other comprehensive income, until earnings are affected by the hedged cash flows (<i>e.g.,</i>&#xA0;when periodic settlements on a variable-rate asset or liability are recorded in earnings). Cash flow hedge ineffectiveness, defined as the extent to which the changes in fair value of the derivative exceed the variability of cash flows of the forecasted transaction, is recorded in processing fees and other revenue.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective&#x2014;and that is designated and qualifies as a foreign currency hedge&#x2014;are recorded currently either in processing fees and other revenue or in other comprehensive income, net of tax, depending on whether the hedge transaction meets the criteria for a fair value or a cash flow hedge. If, however, a derivative is used as a hedge of a net investment in a non-U.S. operation, its&#xA0;changes in fair value, to the extent effective as a hedge, are recorded, net of tax, in the foreign currency translation component of other comprehensive income. Lastly, entire changes in the fair value of derivatives classified as trading instruments are recorded in trading services revenue.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">At both the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis, we formally assess and document the effectiveness of a derivative designated as a hedge in offsetting changes in the fair value of hedged items and the likelihood that the derivative will be an effective hedge in future periods. We discontinue hedge accounting prospectively when we determine that the derivative is no longer highly effective in offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows of the underlying risk being hedged, the derivative expires, terminates or is sold, or management discontinues the hedge designation.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Unrealized gains and losses on foreign exchange and interest-rate contracts are reported at fair value in our consolidated statement of condition as a component of other assets and other liabilities, respectively, on a gross basis, except where such gains and losses arise from contracts covered by qualifying master netting agreements.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">Recent Accounting Developments:</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">In June 2009, the FASB issued a new accounting standard related to accounting for VIEs.&#xA0;This new standard will amend existing GAAP, will eliminate the exception for qualifying SPEs, and will modify the characteristics that identify a VIE. The new standard also provides new criteria for determining whether an entity is the primary beneficiary of a VIE, and increases the frequency of required assessments to determine whether an entity is the primary beneficiary.</font></p> <p style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; TEXT-INDENT: 4%; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"> <font style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman" size="2">The new standard is effective, for State Street, on January&#xA0;1, 2010. Significant State Street and industry efforts are currently underway to interpret the new standard and its impact. Management expects, based on current interpretations of the new standard and proposed additional guidance related to the applicability of the new standard to collective investment funds, that we will be required to consolidate additional entities upon adoption, including certain asset-backed securitization trusts in which we have investments significant to the trusts and corresponding unilateral servicer removal rights. Currently, management expects that adoption will not have a material effect on our consolidated results of operations or financial condition.</font></p> </div> Note&#xA0;1.&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies The accounting and financial reporting policies of State Street false false No definition available. No authoritative reference available. false false 1 1 false UnKnown UnKnown UnKnown false true