Our stock plans include the Alphabet Amended and Restated 2021 Stock Plan ("Alphabet 2021 Stock Plan") and Other Bets stock-based plans. Under our stock plans, RSUs and other types of awards may be granted. Under the Alphabet 2021 Stock Plan, an RSU award is an agreement to issue shares of our Class C stock at the time the award vests. RSUs generally vest over four years contingent upon employment on the vesting date. RSUs are awarded dividend equivalents, which are subject to the same vesting conditions as the underlying award, and settled in Class C shares.

As of December 31, 2025, there were 534 million shares of Class C stock reserved for future issuance under the Alphabet 2021 Stock Plan.

For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2024, and 2025, total SBC expense was $22.1 billion, $22.8 billion, and $27.1 billion, including amounts associated with awards we expect to settle in Alphabet stock of $21.7 billion, $22.0 billion, and $24.1 billion, respectively.

For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2024, and 2025, we recognized tax benefits on total SBC expense, which are reflected in the provision for income taxes, of $4.5 billion, $4.6 billion, and $5.0 billion, respectively.

For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2024, and 2025, tax benefit realized related to awards vested or exercised during the period was $5.6 billion, $6.8 billion, and $8.1 billion, respectively. These amounts do not include the indirect effects of stock-based awards, which primarily relate to the research and development tax credit.

The following table summarizes the activities for unvested Alphabet RSUs, which include dividend equivalents awarded to holders of unvested stock, for the year ended December 31, 2025 (in millions, except per share amounts):


	Number of Shares	Weighted- Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Unvested as of December 31, 2024	299	$	122.77
Granted	198	$	188.82
Vested	(181)	$	133.90
Forfeited/canceled	(34)	$	142.33
Unvested as of December 31, 2025	282	$	159.75

The weighted-average grant-date fair value of RSUs granted during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2024 was $97.59 and $140.04, respectively. Total fair value of RSUs, as of their respective vesting dates, during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2024, and 2025, were $26.6 billion, $33.3 billion, and $39.7 billion, respectively.