v3.10.0.1
Segment information
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Disclosure Of Operating Segments [Abstract]  
Segment information

6.

Segment information

The Group has two reportable segments: Premium and Ad-Supported. The Premium Service is a paid service in which customers can listen on-demand and offline. Revenue is generated through subscription fees. The Ad-Supported Service is free to the user. Revenue is generated through the sale of advertising. Royalty costs are primarily recorded in each segment based on specific rates for each segment agreed to with rights holders. The remaining royalties that are not specifically associated to either of the segments are allocated based on user activity or the revenue recognized in each segment. No operating segments have been aggregated to form the reportable segments.

Key financial performance measures of the segments including revenue, cost of revenue, and gross profit are as follows:

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

 

2016

 

 

 

(in € millions)

 

Premium

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

 

 

4,717

 

 

 

3,674

 

 

 

2,657

 

Cost of revenue

 

 

3,461

 

 

 

2,868

 

 

 

2,221

 

Gross profit

 

 

1,256

 

 

 

806

 

 

 

436

 

Ad-Supported

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

 

 

542

 

 

 

416

 

 

 

295

 

Cost of revenue

 

 

445

 

 

 

373

 

 

 

330

 

Gross (loss)/profit

 

 

97

 

 

 

43

 

 

 

(35

)

Consolidated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

 

 

5,259

 

 

 

4,090

 

 

 

2,952

 

Cost of revenue

 

 

3,906

 

 

 

3,241

 

 

 

2,551

 

Gross profit

 

 

1,353

 

 

 

849

 

 

 

401

 

 

Reconciliation of gross profit

General expenditures, finance income, finance costs, and the Group’s share in losses or earnings of an associate are not allocated to individual segments as these are managed on an overall group basis. The reconciliation between reportable segment gross profit to our loss before tax is as follows:

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

 

2016

 

 

 

(in € millions)

 

Segment gross profit

 

 

1,353

 

 

 

849

 

 

 

401

 

Research and development

 

 

(493

)

 

 

(396

)

 

 

(207

)

Sales and marketing

 

 

(620

)

 

 

(567

)

 

 

(368

)

General and administrative

 

 

(283

)

 

 

(264

)

 

 

(175

)

Finance income

 

 

455

 

 

 

118

 

 

 

152

 

Finance costs

 

 

(584

)

 

 

(974

)

 

 

(336

)

Share in (losses)/earnings of associate

 

 

(1

)

 

 

1

 

 

 

(2

)

Loss before tax

 

 

(173

)

 

 

(1,233

)

 

 

(535

)

 

Revenue by country

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

 

2016

 

 

 

(in € millions)

 

United States

 

 

1,973

 

 

 

1,577

 

 

 

1,173

 

United Kingdom

 

 

576

 

 

 

444

 

 

 

342

 

Luxembourg

 

 

3

 

 

 

3

 

 

 

1

 

Other countries

 

 

2,707

 

 

 

2,066

 

 

 

1,436

 

 

 

 

5,259

 

 

 

4,090

 

 

 

2,952

 

 

Premium revenue is attributed to a country based on where the membership originates. Ad-Supported revenue is attributed to a country based on where the advertising campaign is viewed. There are no countries that individually make up greater than 10% of total revenue included in “Other countries.”

Non-current assets by country

Non-current assets for this purpose consists of property and equipment.

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

 

2016

 

 

 

(in € millions)

 

Sweden

 

 

29

 

 

 

32

 

 

 

12

 

United States

 

 

142

 

 

 

28

 

 

 

50

 

United Kingdom

 

 

19

 

 

 

6

 

 

 

19

 

Other countries

 

 

7

 

 

 

7

 

 

 

4

 

 

 

 

197

 

 

 

73

 

 

 

85

 

 

As of December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, the Group held no property and equipment in Luxembourg.