v3.10.0.1
Shareholders' Equity (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Equity [Abstract]  
Summary of the Stock Option and RSU Award Activities
The following table summarizes the stock option and RSU award activities under the Company's share-based compensation plans for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017:

 
Shares Subject to Options Outstanding
 
Outstanding RSUs
 
Number of Options (1)
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price
$
 
Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
 
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (2)
$
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
$
 
Outstanding RSUs
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
$
December 31, 2016
9,899,393

 
9.74

 
6.78

 
328,003

 
—

 
2,360,817

 
29.97

Stock options granted
1,061,478

 
74.80
 
—

 
—

 
37.51

 
—

 
—

Stock options exercised
(3,322,993
)
 
4.45
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Stock options forfeited
(284,332
)
 
31.65
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

RSUs granted
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1,172,707

 
81.89

RSUs settled
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(824,215
)
 
28.85

RSUs forfeited
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(210,631
)
 
40.21

December 31, 2017
7,353,546

 
20.67

 
6.81

 
590,700

 
—

 
2,498,678

 
53.84

Stock options granted
486,434

 
138.12
 
—

 
—

 
69.81
 
—

 
 
Stock options exercised
(2,179,999
)
 
13.99
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
 
Stock options forfeited
(183,191
)
 
44.58
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
 
RSUs granted
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1,127,094

 
139.58

RSUs settled
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(935,002
)
 
51.72

RSUs forfeited
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(217,105
)
 
68.70

December 31, 2018
5,476,790

 
32.96
 
6.23

 
577,731

 
—

 
2,473,665

 
92.40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stock options exercisable as of December 31, 2018
3,517,755

 
12.19
 
5.22

 
444,159

 
 
 
 
 
 
(1) As at December 31, 2018, 2,790,681 of the outstanding stock options were granted under the Company's Legacy Option Plan and are exercisable for Class B multiple voting shares, and 2,686,109 of the outstanding stock options were granted under the Company's Stock Option Plan and are exercisable for Class A subordinate voting shares.
(2) The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying stock option awards and the closing market price of the Company's Class A subordinate voting shares as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.
Schedule of Assumptions Used to Estimate the Fair Value of Stock Options
The assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted to employees are as follows:
    
 
Years ended
 
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
Expected volatility
54.2
%

56.0
%
Risk-free interest rate
2.72
%

1.85
%
Dividend yield
Nil


Nil

Average expected life
5.31


5.15
Schedule of Classification of Stock-based Compensation
The following table illustrates the classification of stock-based compensation in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss, which includes both stock-based compensation and restricted share-based compensation expense:
    
 
Years ended
 
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
 
$
 
$
Cost of revenues
2,232

 
1,102

Sales and marketing
21,928

 
8,986

Research and development
55,164

 
31,338

General and administrative
16,396

 
7,737

 
95,720

 
49,163