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Segment Information and Geographic Information
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Information and Geographic Information
Note 14 - Segment Information and Geographic Information
The Company determined its operating segments based on how the CODM manages the business, allocates resources, makes operating decisions and evaluates operating performance.
During the third quarter of 2019, following a number of leadership and organizational changes, the CODM changed how he assesses performance and allocates resources to a more disaggregated level in order to optimize utilization of the Company’s platform as well as manage research and development of new technologies. Based on this change, in the third quarter of 2019, the Company determined it has five operating and reportable segments and revised prior comparative periods to conform to the current period segment presentation. The Company’s five segments are as follows:
Segment
 
Description
 
 
 
Rides

The Rides products connect consumers with Rides Drivers who provide rides in a variety of vehicles, such as cars, auto rickshaws, motorbikes, minibuses, or taxis. Rides also includes activity related to our Uber for Business ("U4B"), Financial Partnerships, and Vehicle Solutions offerings.



Eats

The Eats offering allows consumers to search for and discover local restaurants, order a meal, and either pick-up at the restaurant or have the meal delivered.



Freight

Freight connects carriers with shippers on the Company’s platform, and gives carriers upfront, transparent pricing and the ability to book a shipment.



Other Bets

The Other Bets segment consists of multiple investment stage offerings. The largest investment within the segment is the Company’s New Mobility offering that refers to products that provide consumers with access to rides through a variety of modes, including dockless e-bikes and e-scooters. It also includes Transit, UberWorks and the Company’s Platform Incubator group.



ATG and Other Technology Programs

The ATG and Other Technology Programs segment is responsible for the development and commercialization of autonomous vehicle and ridesharing technologies, as well as Uber Elevate.
For information about how the Company’s reportable segments derive revenue, refer to Note 2 - Revenue.
The Company’s segment operating performance measure is segment adjusted EBITDA. The CODM does not evaluate operating segments using asset information and, accordingly, the Company does not report asset information by segment. The Company’s segment adjusted EBITDA measures replace what was previously reported as contribution profit (loss) and maintain the same definition. Previously reported Core Platform contribution profit (loss) is the sum of Rides adjusted EBITDA and Eats adjusted EBITDA, and previously reported Other Bets contribution profit (loss) is the sum of Freight adjusted EBITDA and Other Bets adjusted EBITDA. Segment adjusted EBITDA is defined as revenue less the following expenses: cost of revenue, operations and support, sales and marketing, and general and administrative and research and development expenses associated with the Company’s segments. Segment adjusted EBITDA also excludes any non-cash items, certain transactions that are not indicative of ongoing segment operating performance and / or items that management does not believe are reflective of the Company’s ongoing core operations (as shown in the table below).
The following table provides information about the Company’s segments and a reconciliation of the total segment adjusted EBITDA to loss from operations for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019 (in millions):
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2018

2019
Segment adjusted EBITDA:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rides
 
$
388

 
$
1,541


$
2,071

Eats
 
(355
)
 
(601
)

(1,372
)
Freight
 
(39
)
 
(102
)

(217
)
Other Bets
 
(1
)
 
(50
)

(251
)
ATG and Other Technology Programs
 
(543
)
 
(537
)

(499
)
Total segment adjusted EBITDA
 
(550
)
 
251


(268
)
Reconciling items:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate G&A and Platform R&D (1), (2)
 
(1,611
)
 
(1,971
)

(2,457
)
Depreciation and amortization
 
(510
)
 
(426
)

(472
)
Stock-based compensation expense
 
(137
)
 
(172
)

(4,596
)
Legal, tax, and regulatory reserve changes and settlements
 
(440
)
 
(340
)

(353
)
Driver appreciation award
 
—

 
—


(299
)
Payroll tax on IPO stock-based compensation
 
—

 
—


(86
)
Asset impairment/loss on sale of assets
 
(340
)
 
(237
)

(8
)
Acquisition and financing related expenses
 
(4
)
 
(15
)

—

Gain (loss) on restructuring of lease arrangement
 
(7
)
 
4


—

Impact of 2018 Divested Operations (1), (3)
 
(481
)
 
(127
)

—

Restructuring charges
 
—

 
—

 
(57
)
Loss from operations
 
$
(4,080
)
 
$
(3,033
)

$
(8,596
)
(1) Excluding stock-based compensation expense.
(2) Includes costs that are not directly attributable to the Company’s reportable segments. Corporate G&A also includes certain shared costs such as finance, accounting, tax, human resources, information technology and legal costs. Platform R&D also includes mapping and payment technologies and support and development of the internal technology infrastructure. The Company’s allocation methodology is periodically evaluated and may change.
(3) Defined as the Company’s 2018 operations in (i) Southeast Asia prior to the sale of those operations to Grab and (ii) Russia/CIS prior to the formation of the Company’s Yandex.Taxi joint venture.
Geographic Information
Revenue by geography is based on where the trip or shipment was completed or meal delivered. Long-lived assets, net includes property and equipment, net and operating lease right-of-use assets as well as the same asset class included within assets held for sale on the consolidated balance sheets. The following tables set forth revenue and long-lived assets, net by geographic area as of and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019 (in millions):
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2018
 
2019
United States
 
$
4,068

 
$
6,077

 
$
8,225

Brazil
 
831

 
959

 
918

All other countries
 
3,033

 
4,234

 
5,004

Total Revenue
 
$
7,932

 
$
11,270

 
$
14,147


 
 
As of December 31,
 
 
2018
 
2019
United States
 
$
1,572

 
$
2,958

Singapore
 
321

 
6

All other countries
 
70

 
361

Total long-lived assets, net
 
$
1,963

 
$
3,325


Revenue grouped by offerings is included in Note 2 - Revenue.