The following table summarizes the total carrying value of the Company’s non-marketable equity securities held as of June 30, 2023 including cumulative unrealized gains and losses: | | | | | | | June 30, 2023 | | (in millions) | | Initial cost basis | $ | 764 | | | Adjustments: | | | Upward adjustments | 899 | | | Downward adjustments (including impairment) | (431) | | | Carrying amount, end of period | $ | 1,232 | |
Unrealized gains and losses included in the carrying value of the Company’s non-marketable equity securities still held as of June 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Nine Months Ended June 30, | | 2023 | | 2022 | | 2023 | | 2022 | | (in millions) | | Upward adjustments | $ | 75 | | | $ | 5 | | | $ | 94 | | | $ | 231 | | | Downward adjustments (including impairment) | $ | — | | | $ | (284) | | | $ | (86) | | | $ | (337) | |
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