Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Components of Provision for Income Taxes

The provision for (benefit from) income taxes consists of the following (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017
Current provision:
Federal	$	391		$	(336	)	$	(445	)
State	204			163			137
Foreign	15,657			22,204			9,512
	16,252			22,031			9,204
Deferred provision:
Federal	(3,481		)	(2,026		)	(5,934		)
State	(882		)	(377		)	(886		)
Foreign	(571,402		)	(31,948		)	1,056
	(575,765		)	(34,351		)	(5,764		)
(Benefit from) provision for income taxes	$	(559,513	)	$	(12,320	)	$	3,440

Components of Loss From Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes

The components of income (loss) before income taxes by U.S. and foreign jurisdictions were as follows (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017
United States	$	(48,558	)	$	(153,290	)	$	(61,259	)
Foreign	115,743			114,266			(52,147		)
Total	$	67,185		$	(39,024	)	$	(113,406	)

Reconciliation of Federal Income Tax Rate

The effective income tax rate differs from the federal statutory income tax rate applied to the income (loss) before income taxes due to the following (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017
Tax computed at U.S. federal statutory rate	$	14,109		$	(8,195	)	$	(38,558	)
State taxes, net of federal benefit	122			98			64
Tax rate differential for international subsidiaries	(5,005		)	(41,429		)	23,532
Stock-based compensation	(108,023		)	(93,073		)	(116,953		)
Tax credits	(51,237		)	(44,695		)	(21,038		)
Foreign restructuring and amortization	—			(625,292		)	2,794
Non-deductible expenses	21,953			9,657			2,833
Tax effects associated with Topic 606	—			(23,073		)	3,314
Other	448			408			607
Valuation allowance	(431,880		)	813,274			146,845
(Benefit from) provision for income taxes	$	(559,513	)	$	(12,320	)	$	3,440

Reconciliation of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Significant components of our deferred tax assets are shown below (in thousands). A valuation allowance has been recognized to offset our deferred tax assets, as necessary, by the amount of any tax benefits that, based on evidence, are not expected to be realized.



	December 31,
	2019			2018
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards	$	734,755		$	610,314
Credit carryforwards	171,856			120,594
Lease liability	108,224			—
Depreciation and amortization	577,599			594,496
Other	96,535			103,917
Total deferred tax assets	1,688,969			1,429,321
Less valuation allowance	(918,596		)	(1,342,981		)
	770,373			86,340
Deferred tax liabilities:
Right of use asset	(101,091		)	—
Other	(73,818		)	(67,686		)
Net deferred tax assets	$	595,464		$	18,654

Reconciliation of Beginning and Ending Balance of Total Unrecognized Tax Benefits

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance of total unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2018			2017
Balance, beginning period	$	27,591	$	27,648		$	18,440
Tax positions taken in prior period:
Gross increases	1,516		3,721			398
Gross decreases	—		(2,896		)	—
Tax positions taken in current period:
Gross increases	7,682		5,796			8,810
Lapse of statute of limitations	—		(1,078		)	—
Settlements	—		(5,600		)	—
Balance, end of period	$	36,789	$	27,591		$	27,648