Employee Benefit Plans	12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2015
Compensation And Retirement Disclosure [Abstract]
Employee Benefit Plans	15. Employee Benefit Plans Deferred Compensation Plans Voluntary Deferred Compensation Plan. The Company adopted a Voluntary Deferred Compensation Plan (“VDCP”) that allows eligible employees in the United States to elect to defer between 1% and 100% of their annual cash incentive compensation. The participants must specify a deferral period of up to 10 years from the year of deferral and additionally, elect to receive distributions in the form of a lump sum or in up to 10 annual installments. The Company may fund the obligation through the rabbi trust on behalf of the plan’s participants. The rabbi trust established for the VDCP, with assets totaling $65 million at both December 31, 2015 and 2014, is reflected in investments on the consolidated statements of financial condition. Such investments are classified as trading investments. The corresponding liability balance of $88 million and $78 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, is reflected on the consolidated statements of financial condition as accrued compensation and benefits. Earnings in the rabbi trust, including unrealized appreciation or depreciation, are reflected as nonoperating income (expense) and changes in the corresponding liability are reflected as employee compensation and benefits expense on the consolidated statements of income. Other Deferred Compensation Plans. The Company has additional compensation plans for the purpose of providing deferred compensation and retention incentives to certain employees. For these plans, the final value of the deferred amount to be distributed in cash upon vesting is associated with investment returns of certain investment funds. The liabilities for these plans were $178 million and $126 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and are reflected in the consolidated statements of financial condition as accrued compensation and benefits. In January 2016, the Company granted approximately $151 million of additional deferred compensation that will fluctuate with investment returns and will vest ratably over three years from the date of grant. Defined Contribution Plans The Company has several defined contribution plans primarily in the United States and United Kingdom. Certain of the Company’s U.S. employees participate in a defined contribution plan (“U.S. Plan”). Employee contributions of up to 8% of eligible compensation, as defined by the plan and subject to Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”) limitations, are matched by the Company at 50% up to a maximum of $5,000 annually. In addition, the Company makes an annual retirement contribution to eligible participants equal to 3-5% of eligible compensation. In 2015, 2014 and 2013, the Company’s contribution expense related to the U.S. Plan was $72 million, $67 million and $63 million, respectively. Certain U.K. wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company contribute to a defined contribution plan for their employees (“U.K. Plan”). The contributions range between 6% and 15% of each employee’s eligible compensation. The Company’s contribution expense related to this plan was $33 million in both 2015 and 2014, and $29 million in 2013. In addition, the contribution expense related to defined contribution plans in other regions was $18 million in 2015 and 2014, and 2013. Defined Benefit Plans. The Company has several defined benefit pension plans primarily in Japan and Germany. All accrued benefits under the Germany defined benefit plan are currently frozen and the plan is closed to new participants. The participant benefits under the Germany plan will not change with salary increases or additional years of service. At December 31, 2015 and 2014, the plan assets for both these plans were approximately $22 million and $21 million, respectively. The underfunded obligations at December 31, 2015 and 2014 were not material. Benefit payments for the next five years and in aggregate for the five years thereafter are not expected to be material.

15. Employee Benefit Plans

Deferred Compensation Plans

Voluntary Deferred Compensation Plan. The Company adopted a Voluntary Deferred Compensation Plan (“VDCP”) that allows eligible employees in the United States to elect to defer between 1% and 100% of their annual cash incentive compensation. The participants must specify a deferral period of up to 10 years from the year of deferral and additionally, elect to receive distributions in the form of a lump sum or in up to 10 annual installments. The Company may fund the obligation through the rabbi trust on behalf of the plan’s participants.

The rabbi trust established for the VDCP, with assets totaling $65 million at both December 31, 2015 and 2014, is reflected in investments on the consolidated statements of financial condition. Such investments are classified as trading investments. The corresponding liability balance of $88 million and $78 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, is reflected on the consolidated statements of financial condition as accrued compensation and benefits. Earnings in the rabbi trust, including unrealized appreciation or depreciation, are reflected as nonoperating income (expense) and changes in the corresponding liability are reflected as employee compensation and benefits expense on the consolidated statements of income.

Other Deferred Compensation Plans. The Company has additional compensation plans for the purpose of providing deferred compensation and retention incentives to certain employees. For these plans, the final value of the deferred amount to be distributed in cash upon vesting is associated with investment returns of certain investment funds. The liabilities for these plans were $178 million and $126 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and are reflected in the consolidated statements of financial condition as accrued compensation and benefits. In January 2016, the Company granted approximately $151 million of additional deferred compensation that will fluctuate with investment returns and will vest ratably over three years from the date of grant.

Defined Contribution Plans

The Company has several defined contribution plans primarily in the United States and United Kingdom.

Certain of the Company’s U.S. employees participate in a defined contribution plan (“U.S. Plan”). Employee contributions of up to 8% of eligible compensation, as defined by the plan and subject to Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”) limitations, are matched by the Company at 50% up to a maximum of $5,000 annually. In addition, the Company makes an annual retirement contribution to eligible participants equal to 3-5% of eligible compensation. In 2015, 2014 and 2013, the Company’s contribution expense related to the U.S. Plan was $72 million, $67 million and $63 million, respectively.

Certain U.K. wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company contribute to a defined contribution plan for their employees (“U.K. Plan”). The contributions range between 6% and 15% of each employee’s eligible compensation. The Company’s contribution expense related to this plan was $33 million in both 2015 and 2014, and $29 million in 2013.

In addition, the contribution expense related to defined contribution plans in other regions was $18 million in 2015 and 2014, and 2013.

Defined Benefit Plans. The Company has several defined benefit pension plans primarily in Japan and Germany. All accrued benefits under the Germany defined benefit plan are currently frozen and the plan is closed to new participants. The participant benefits under the Germany plan will not change with salary increases or additional years of service. At December 31, 2015 and 2014, the plan assets for both these plans were approximately $22 million and $21 million, respectively. The underfunded obligations at December 31, 2015 and 2014 were not material. Benefit payments for the next five years and in aggregate for the five years thereafter are not expected to be material.