Property and Equipment

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and equipment, net consists of the following (in millions):


	December 31,
	2022		2021
Land	$	1,874	$	1,688
Servers and network assets	34,330		25,584
Buildings	27,720		22,531
Leasehold improvements	6,522		5,795
Equipment and other	5,642		4,764
Finance lease right-of-use assets	3,353		2,840
Construction in progress	25,052		14,687
Property and equipment, gross	104,493		77,889
Less: Accumulated depreciation	(24,975)		(20,080)
Property and equipment, net	$	79,518	$	57,809

Construction in progress includes costs mostly related to construction of data centers, network infrastructure, servers, and office facilities. As of December 31, 2022, construction in progress also includes $2.18 billion of servers and network assets components stored by our suppliers until required by our design manufacturers to fulfill certain purchase orders.

Depreciation expense on property and equipment was $8.50 billion, $7.56 billion, and $6.39 billion for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. The majority of the property and equipment depreciation expense was from servers and network assets depreciation of $5.29 billion, $4.94 billion, and $4.38 billion for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. For additional information regarding changes in the estimated useful life of our servers and network assets, see Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded $1.34 billion abandonment charge and $508 million impairment loss for data center assets and leasehold improvements assets, respectively, as a result of our restructuring efforts. For additional information, see Note 3 — Restructuring.