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Investments and Fair Value Measurements
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Investments and Fair Value Measurements Investments and Fair Value Measurements
The following tables present the Company’s assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and indicate the fair value hierarchy of the valuation (in thousands):
As of December 31, 2024
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents:
Money market funds$1,823,046 $1,823,046 $— $— 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets and other assets:
Certificates of deposit4,826 — 4,826 — 
Marketable securities:
U.S. Treasury securities3,110,687 — 3,110,687 — 
Publicly-traded equity securities20,776 20,776 — — 
Total$4,959,335 $1,843,822 $3,115,513 $— 
As of December 31, 2023
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents:
Money market funds$576,565 $576,565 $— $— 
U.S Treasury securities10,079 — 10,079 — 
Certificates of deposit938 — 938 — 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets and other assets:
Certificates of deposit4,777 — 4,777 — 
Marketable securities:
U.S. Treasury securities2,824,861 — 2,824,861 — 
Publicly-traded equity securities18,271 18,271 — — 
Total$3,435,491 $594,836 $2,840,655 $— 
Certificates of Deposit
The Company’s certificates of deposit are Level 2 instruments. The fair value of such instruments is estimated based on valuations obtained from third-party pricing services that utilize industry standard valuation models, including both income-based and market-based approaches, for which all significant inputs are observable either directly or indirectly. These inputs include interest rate curves, foreign exchange rates, and credit ratings.
Debt Securities
As of December 31, 2024, available-for-sale debt securities, all of which are included in marketable securities on the consolidated balance sheet, consisted of the following (in thousands):
As of December 31, 2024
Amortized CostUnrealized GainsUnrealized LossesFair Value
U.S. Treasury securities$3,110,278 $1,022 $(613)$3,110,687 
Total debt securities$3,110,278 $1,022 $(613)$3,110,687 
As of December 31, 2023, available-for-sale debt securities consisted of the following (in thousands):
As of December 31, 2023
Amortized CostUnrealized GainsUnrealized LossesFair Value
U.S. Treasury securities$2,831,505 $4,520 $(1,085)$2,834,940 
Total debt securities$2,831,505 $4,520 $(1,085)$2,834,940 
Included in cash and cash equivalents$10,078 $1 $— $10,079 
Included in marketable securities$2,821,427 $4,519 $(1,085)$2,824,861 
The Company did not sell any available-for-sale debt securities during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 or 2022. The Company sold $694.6 million of available-for-sale debt securities during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 and immediately reinvested such proceeds into additional debt securities. The realized gains and losses from those sales were immaterial. No credit or non-credit losses related to available-for sale debt securities were recorded as of December 31, 2024 or 2023. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, available-for-sale debt securities of $716.3 million and $236.0 million, respectively, were in an unrealized loss position primarily due to unfavorable changes in interest rates subsequent to initial purchase. None of the available-for-sale debt securities held as of December 31, 2024 or 2023 were in a continuous unrealized loss position for greater than 12 months. The decline in fair value below amortized cost basis was not attributed to credit-related factors and it is more likely than not that the Company will hold the securities until maturity or a recovery of the cost basis. No credit-related
impairment losses were recorded as of December 31, 2024 or 2023. All of the Company’s U.S. Treasury securities had contractual maturities due within one year as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Equity Securities
The Company holds equity securities in publicly-traded companies, which are recorded at fair market value each reporting period in marketable securities on the consolidated balance sheets. Realized and unrealized gains and losses are recorded in other income (expense), net on the consolidated statements of operations. For the year ended December 31, 2024, net unrealized gains from publicly-traded equity securities held at the end of the period were immaterial. For the years ended December 31, 2023, and 2022 net unrealized losses from publicly-traded equity securities held at the end of each period were $4.5 million, and $197.3 million, respectively.
The Company also holds equity securities in privately-held companies without readily determinable fair values that are recorded using the measurement alternative. As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the total amount of privately-held equity securities included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets was $64.9 million and $32.6 million, respectively. The Company classifies these fair value measurements as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. The Company did not record any material adjustments or impairments for the privately-held equity securities held as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
Additionally, we have accepted, and may continue to accept, securities as noncash consideration. Total equity securities received as noncash consideration was $58.7 million, $41.7 million, and $6.8 million during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
Strategic Commercial Contracts
From 2021 through 2022, the Company approved and entered into certain agreements (“Investment Agreements”) to purchase shares of various entities, including special purpose acquisition companies and/or other privately-held or publicly-traded entities (each, an “Investee,” and such purchases, the “Investments”). No Investments were purchased under such Investment Agreements during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 or 2023.
In connection with signing the Investment Agreements, each Investee or an associated entity and the Company entered into a commercial contract for access to the Company’s products and services (collectively, the “Strategic Commercial Contracts”). The Company assessed the concurrent agreements under the noncash consideration and consideration payable to a customer guidance within ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, as well as the commercial substance of each arrangement considering the customer’s ability and intention to pay as well as the Company’s obligation to perform under each contract. The Company performs ongoing assessments of customers’ financial condition, including the consideration of customers’ ability and intention to pay, and whether all or some portion of the value of such contracts continue to meet the criteria for revenue recognition, among other factors. During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, revenue recognized from Strategic Commercial Contracts was $52.3 million, $87.3 million, and $118.4 million, respectively.