v3.20.4
Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Provision for Taxes
The table below presents information about the provision for taxes.
 
    Year Ended December  
       
$ in millions
 
 
2020
 
     2019        2018  
Current taxes
                         
U.S. federal
 
 
$1,759
 
     $1,113        $ 2,986  
State and local
 
 
555
 
     388        379  
Non-U.S.
 
 
1,539
 
     950        1,302  
Total current tax expense
 
 
3,853
 
     2,451        4,667  
Deferred taxes
                         
U.S. federal
 
 
(798
     (383      (2,711
State and local
 
 
(42
     (20      58  
Non-U.S.
 
 
7
 
     69        8  
Total deferred tax benefit
 
 
(833
     (334      (2,645
Provision for taxes
 
 
$3,020
 
     $2,117        $ 2,022  
In the table above, U.S. federal current tax expense and U.S. federal deferred tax benefit in 2018 includes the impact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (Tax Legislation).
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation
The table below presents a reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to the effective income tax rate.
 
    Year Ended December  
       
 
 
 
2020
 
    2019       2018  
U.S. federal statutory income tax rate
 
 
21.0%
 
    21.0%       21.0%  
State and local taxes, net of U.S. federal benefit
 
 
3.1
 
    2.9       2.0  
Settlement of employee share-based awards
 
 
(1.0
    (0.6     (2.2
Non-U.S.
operations
 
 
(2.4
    (3.6     (0.7
Tax credits
 
 
(1.2
    (1.8     (1.4
Tax-exempt
income, including dividends
 
 
(0.6
    (1.0     (0.6
Tax Legislation
 
 
 
          (3.9
Non-deductible
legal expenses
 
 
5.6
 
    2.1       1.2  
Other
 
 
(0.3
    1.0       0.8  
Effective income tax rate
 
 
24.2%
 
    20.0%       16.2%  
In the table above,
Non-U.S.
operations include the impact of the Base Erosion and Anti-Abuse Tax and Global Intangible Low Taxed Income (GILTI).
Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
The table below presents information about deferred tax assets and liabilities, excluding the impact of netting within tax jurisdictions.
 
    As of December  
     
$ in millions
 
 
2020
 
     2019  
Deferred tax assets
                
Compensation and benefits
 
 
$1,609
 
     $1,351  
ASC 740 asset related to unrecognized tax benefits
 
 
200
 
     279  
Non-U.S.
operations
 
 
737
 
     472  
Net operating losses
 
 
510
 
     411  
Occupancy-related
 
 
138
 
     135  
Other comprehensive income-related
 
 
282
 
     407  
Tax credits carryforward
 
 
34
 
     59  
Operating lease liabilities
 
 
618
 
     637  
Allowance for credit losses
 
 
1,054
 
     433  
Other, net
 
 
333
 
     160  
Subtotal
 
 
5,515
 
     4,344  
Valuation allowance
 
 
(551
     (467
Total deferred tax assets
 
 
$4,964
 
     $3,877  
 
Deferred tax liabilities
    
Depreciation and amortization
 
 
$1,153
 
     $1,022  
Unrealized gains
 
 
1,120
 
     1,196  
Operating lease
right-of-use
assets
 
 
581
 
     595  
Total deferred tax liabilities
 
 
$2,854
 
     $2,813  
Rollforward of Unrecognized Tax Benefits
The table below presents the changes in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits, which is included in other liabilities.
 
    Year Ended or as of December  
       
$ in millions
 
 
2020
 
     2019        2018  
Beginning balance
 
 
$1,445
 
     $1,051        $   665  
Increases based on current year tax positions
 
 
164
 
     131        197  
Increases based on prior years’ tax positions
 
 
209
 
     441        232  
Decreases based on prior years’ tax positions
 
 
(205
     (54      (39
Decreases related to settlements
 
 
(367
     (125      (3
Exchange rate fluctuations
 
 
5
 
     1        (1
Ending balance
 
 
$1,251
 
     $1,445        $1,051  
 
Related deferred income tax asset
 
 
200
 
     279        152  
Net unrecognized tax benefit
 
 
$1,051
 
     $1,166        $   899  
Earliest Tax Years Subject to Examination by Major Jurisdiction
The table below presents the earliest tax years that remain subject to examination by major jurisdiction.
 
Jurisdiction
 
 
As of
December 2020
 
 
U.S. Federal
 
 
2011
 
New York State and City
 
 
2015
 
United Kingdom
 
 
2017
 
Japan
 
 
2015
 
Hong Kong
 
 
2014