The components of intangible assets, all of which are finite-lived, were as follows:


(In millions)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount


	March 31, 2026							June 30, 2025

Marketing-related	$	16,495	$	(4,492	)	$	12,003	$	16,502	$	(3,901	)	$	12,601
Technology-based		22,757		(17,500	)		5,257		22,560		(14,959	)		7,601
Customer-related		4,278		(2,500	)		1,778		4,278		(2,050	)		2,228
Contract-based		381		(94	)		287		217		(43	)		174


Total	$	43,911	$	(24,586	)	$	19,325	$	43,557	$	(20,953	)	$	22,604

Intangible assets amortization expense was $1.1 billion and $3.7 billion for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2026, respectively, and $1.5 billion and $4.5 billion for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025, respectively.

The following table outlines the estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets held as of March 31, 2026:


(In millions)


Year Ending June 30,

2026 (excluding the nine months ended March 31, 2026)	$	1,024
2027		3,032
2028		2,081
2029		1,890
2030		1,425
Thereafter		9,873


Total	$	19,325