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Financial Instruments - Investments - Unrealized Gains and Losses Related to Equity Securities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Financial Instruments [Abstract]      
Net (gains)/losses recognized during the period on investments in equity securities [1],[2] $ (540) $ (454) $ (586)
Less: Net (gains)/losses recognized during the period on equity securities sold during the period (24) (25) (109)
Net unrealized (gains)/losses during the reporting period on equity securities still held at the reporting date [3] $ (515) $ (429) $ (477)
[1] (b)2020 gains include, among other things, unrealized gains of $405 million related to investments in BioNTech and SpringWorks Therapeutics, Inc. (SpringWorks). 2019 gains included, among other things, unrealized gains of $295 million related to investments in Cortexyme, Inc. and SpringWorks. 2018 gains included unrealized gains on equity securities of $477 million, reflecting the adoption of a new accounting standard in 2018 and were primarily driven by unrealized gains of $466 million related to our investment in Allogene. See Notes 2B and 7B.
[2] Reported in Other (income)/deductions––net. See Note 4.
[3] Included in net unrealized gains are observable price changes on equity securities without readily determinable fair values. Since January 1, 2018, there were cumulative impairments and downward adjustments of $81 million and upward adjustments of $61 million. Impairments, downward and upward adjustments were not significant in 2020, 2019 and 2018