Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies - Impact of Adoption of Pension and Postretirement Benefit Costs Accounting Standard (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
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| New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | [1],[2] | $ 11,248 | $ 11,228 | $ 12,322 | ||||||||||
| Selling, informational and administrative expenses | [1],[2] | 14,455 | 14,804 | 14,844 | ||||||||||
| Research and development expenses | [1],[2] | 8,006 | 7,683 | 7,892 | ||||||||||
| Restructuring charges and certain acquisition-related costs | [1] | 1,044 | 351 | 1,565 | ||||||||||
| Other (income)/deductions––net | [1] | 2,116 | 1,416 | 3,794 | ||||||||||
| Income from continuing operations before provision for taxes on income | [1],[3],[4],[5] | $ 11,885 | 12,305 | 8,351 | ||||||||||
| As Previously Reported [Member] | ||||||||||||||
| New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | 11,240 | 12,329 | ||||||||||||
| Selling, informational and administrative expenses | 14,784 | 14,837 | ||||||||||||
| Research and development expenses | 7,657 | 7,872 | ||||||||||||
| Restructuring charges and certain acquisition-related costs | 487 | 1,724 | ||||||||||||
| Other (income)/deductions––net | 1,315 | 3,655 | ||||||||||||
| Income from continuing operations before provision for taxes on income | 12,305 | 8,351 | ||||||||||||
| Accounting Standards Update 2017-07 [Member] | Effect of Change Higher/(Lower) [Member] | ||||||||||||||
| New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | (12) | (7) | ||||||||||||
| Selling, informational and administrative expenses | 20 | 7 | ||||||||||||
| Research and development expenses | 27 | 20 | ||||||||||||
| Restructuring charges and certain acquisition-related costs | (136) | (159) | ||||||||||||
| Other (income)/deductions––net | 101 | 139 | ||||||||||||
| Income from continuing operations before provision for taxes on income | $ 0 | $ 0 | ||||||||||||
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