Restructuring Actions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Restructuring Actions

Restructuring Actions

NOTE 5. Restructuring Actions

2019 Restructuring Actions:

During the second quarter of 2019, in light of slower than expected 2019 sales, management approved and committed to undertake certain restructuring actions. These actions impacted approximately 2,000 positions worldwide, including attrition. The Company recorded second quarter 2019 pre-tax charges of $148 million. Additionally, during the fourth quarter of 2019, to realign 3M’s organizational structure and operating model to improve growth and operational efficiency, management approved and committed to undertake certain restructuring actions. These actions impacted approximately 1,500 positions worldwide. The Company recorded fourth quarter 2019 pre-tax charges of $134 million. These restructuring charges were recorded in the income statement as follows:


(Millions)		Second and Fourth Quarter 2019
Cost of sales		$	72
Selling, general and administrative expenses			137
Research, development and related expenses			37
Total operating income impact			246
Other expense (income), net			36
Total income before income taxes impact		$	282

The second quarter 2019 actions included a voluntary early retirement incentive initial charge (further discussed in Note 13), the charge for which is included in other expense (income), net above.

The operating income impact of these restructuring charges are summarized by business segment as follows:


		Second and Fourth Quarter 2019
(Millions)		Employee-Related			Asset-Related			Total
Safety and Industrial		$	50		$	—		$	50
Transportation and Electronics			31			—			31
Health Care			17			—			17
Consumer			8			—			8
Corporate and Unallocated			100			40			140
Total Operating Expense		$	206		$	40		$	246

Restructuring actions, including cash and non-cash impacts, follow:


(Millions)		Employee-Related			Asset-Related			Total
Expense incurred in the second quarter and fourth quarter of 2019		$	242		$	40		$	282
Non-cash changes			(36)			(40)			(76)
Cash payments			(52)			—			(52)
Adjustments			(14)			—			(14)
Accrued restructuring action balances as of December 31, 2019		$	140		$	—		$	140

Remaining activities related to this restructuring are expected to be completed largely through 2020.

2018 Restructuring Actions:

During the second quarter and fourth quarter of 2018, management approved and committed to undertake certain restructuring actions related to addressing corporate functional costs following the Communication Markets Division divestiture. These actions affected approximately 1,200 positions worldwide and resulted in a second quarter 2018 pre-tax charge of $105 million and a fourth quarter pre-tax charge of $22 million, net of adjustments for reductions in cost estimates of $10 million, essentially all within Corporate and Unallocated. The restructuring charges were recorded in the income statement as follows:


(Millions)		Second and Fourth Quarter 2018
Cost of sales		$	27
Selling, general and administrative expenses			105
Research, development and related expenses			5
Total		$	137

Restructuring actions, including cash and non-cash impacts, follow:


(Millions)		Employee-Related			Asset-Related			Total
Expense incurred in the second quarter and fourth quarter of 2018		$	125		$	12		$	137
Non-cash changes			—			(12)			(12)
Cash payments			(24)			—			(24)
Adjustments			(17)			—			(17)
Accrued restructuring action balances as of December 31, 2018		$	84		$	—		$	84
Cash payments			(76)			—			(76)
Adjustments			(5)			—			(5)
Accrued restructuring action balances as of December 31, 2019		$	3		$	—		$	3

Remaining activities related to this restructuring were substantially completed in 2019.

2017 Restructuring Actions:

During the second quarter of 2017, management approved and committed to undertake certain restructuring actions primarily focused on portfolio and footprint optimization. These actions affected approximately 1,300 positions worldwide and resulted in a second quarter 2017 pre-tax charge of $99 million. The restructuring charges were recorded in the income statement as follows:


(Millions)		Second Quarter 2017
Cost of sales		$	86
Selling, general and administrative expenses			5
Research, development and related expenses			8
Total		$	99

The impact of these restructuring charges are summarized by business segment as follows:


		Second Quarter 2017
(Millions)			Employee-Related
Safety and Industrial			45
Transportation and Electronics			10
Health Care			2
Consumer			36
Corporate and Unallocated			6
Total		$	99

Restructuring actions, including cash and non-cash impacts, follow:


(Millions)		Employee-Related
Expense incurred in the second quarter of 2017		$	99
Cash payments			(8)
Adjustments			(3)
Accrued restructuring action balances as of December 31, 2017		$	88
Cash payments			(20)
Adjustments			(28)
Accrued restructuring action balances as of December 31, 2018		$	40
Cash payments			(21)
Adjustments			1
Accrued restructuring action balances as of December 31, 2019		$	20

Remaining activities related to this restructuring were substantially completed in 2019, with payments occurring over time in accordance with applicable severance arrangements into 2020. A portion of the adjustments detailed above include certain severance accruals taken in 2017, the obligation for which was relieved and reflected as part of the gain on divestiture when that business was sold in 2018.