Intangible Assets Including Goodwill (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Intangible Assets Including Goodwill

Intangible asset balances by major asset class


($ in millions)
		Gross Carrying			Accumulated			Net Carrying
At December 31, 2021:		Amount			Amortization			Amount		*
Intangible asset class
Capitalized software		$	1,696		$	(751)		$	945
Client relationships			9,021			(2,889)			6,132
Completed technology			6,074			(2,259)			3,815
Patents/trademarks			2,196			(586)			1,610
Other**			44			(35)			9
Total		$	19,031		$	(6,520)		$	12,511

*	Includes a decrease in net intangible asset balance of $221 million due to foreign currency translation.

**	Other intangibles are primarily acquired proprietary and nonproprietary business processes, methodologies and systems.


($ in millions)
		Gross Carrying			Accumulated			Net Carrying
At December 31, 2020:		Amount			Amortization			Amount		*
Intangible asset class
Capitalized software		$	1,777		$	(814)		$	963
Client relationships			8,708			(1,976)			6,732
Completed technology			5,937			(1,655)			4,283
Patents/trademarks			2,244			(499)			1,744
Other**			56			(39)			16
Total		$	18,722		$	(4,983)		$	13,739

*	Includes an increase in net intangible asset balance of $279 million due to foreign currency translation.

**	Other intangibles are primarily acquired proprietary and nonproprietary business processes, methodologies and systems.

Intangible assets, future amortization expense


		Capitalized			Acquired
($ in millions)		Software			Intangibles			Total
2022		$	512		$	1,818		$	2,329
2023			313			1,513			1,826
2024			120			1,467			1,587
2025			0			1,450			1,450
2026			0			1,433			1,433
Thereafter			—			3,886			3,886

Changes in goodwill balances by reportable segment


($ in millions)
														Foreign
														Currency
								Purchase						Translation
		Balance at			Goodwill			Price						and Other			Balance at
Segment*		January 1, 2021			Additions			Adjustments			Divestitures			Adjustments		**	December 31, 2021
Software		$	43,149		$	1,836		$	23		$	(13)		$	(545)		$	44,450
Consulting			6,145			713			(21)			—			(40)			6,797
Infrastructure			4,436			—			0			—			(39)			4,396
Other—divested businesses			36			—			—			(37)			1			—
Total		$	53,765		$	2,549		$	2		$	(50)		$	(623)		$	55,643


($ in millions)
														Foreign
														Currency
								Purchase						Translation
		Balance at			Goodwill			Price						and Other			Balance at
Segment*		January 1, 2020			Additions			Adjustments			Divestitures			Adjustments		**	December 31, 2020
Software		$	42,275		$	362		$	(139)		$	—		$	651		$	43,149
Consulting			5,775			205			—			—			165			6,145
Infrastructure			4,386			8			—			—			42			4,436
Other—divested businesses			35			—			—			—			1			36
Total		$	52,471		$	575		$	(139)		$	—		$	859		$	53,765

*	Recast to reflect segment changes.

**	Primarily driven by foreign currency translation.