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Quarterly Results (Unaudited) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions, except Per Share data, unless otherwise specified
 3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jan. 28, 2012
Oct. 29, 2011
Jul. 30, 2011
Apr. 30, 2011
Jan. 29, 2011
Oct. 30, 2010
Jul. 31, 2010
May 01, 2010
Jan. 28, 2012
Jan. 29, 2011
Jan. 30, 2010
Quarterly Results (Unaudited)                      
Sales $ 20,937 $ 16,054 $ 15,895 $ 15,580 $ 20,277 $ 15,226 $ 15,126 $ 15,158 $ 68,466 $ 65,786 $ 63,435
Credit card revenues 351 348 345 355 384 379 406 435 1,399 1,604 1,922
Total revenues 21,288 16,402 16,240 15,935 20,661 15,605 15,532 15,593 69,865 67,390 65,357
Cost of sales 14,986 11,165 10,872 10,838 14,458 10,562 10,293 10,412 47,860 45,725 44,062
Selling, general and administrative expenses 3,876 3,525 3,473 3,233 3,720 3,345 3,263 3,143 14,106 13,469 13,078
Credit card expenses 162 109 86 88 167 198 214 280 446 860 1,521
Depreciation and amortization 564 546 509 512 538 533 496 516 2,131 2,084 2,023
Earnings before interest expense and income taxes 1,700 1,057 1,300 1,264 1,778 967 1,266 1,242 5,322 5,252 4,673
Net interest expense                      
Nonrecourse debt collateralized by credit card receivables 17 18 18 19 19 20 21 23 72 83 97
Other interest expense 276 184 174 164 172 175 165 165 797 677 707
Interest income (1) (2) (1)   (1) (1) (1) (1) (3) (3) (3)
Net interest expense 292 200 191 183 190 194 185 187 866 757 801
Earnings before income taxes 1,408 857 1,109 1,081 1,588 773 1,081 1,055 4,456 4,495 3,872
Provision for income taxes 427 302 405 392 553 238 402 384 1,527 1,575 1,384
Net earnings $ 981 $ 555 $ 704 $ 689 $ 1,035 $ 535 $ 679 $ 671 $ 2,929 $ 2,920 $ 2,488
Basic earnings per share (in dollars per share) $ 1.46 $ 0.82 $ 1.03 $ 0.99 $ 1.46 $ 0.75 $ 0.93 $ 0.91 $ 4.31 $ 4.03 $ 3.31
Diluted earnings per share (in dollars per share) $ 1.45 $ 0.82 $ 1.03 $ 0.99 $ 1.45 $ 0.74 $ 0.92 $ 0.90 $ 4.28 $ 4.00 $ 3.30
Dividends declared per share (in dollars per share) $ 0.30 $ 0.30 $ 0.30 $ 0.25 $ 0.25 $ 0.25 $ 0.25 $ 0.17 $ 1.15 $ 0.92 $ 0.67
Closing common stock price, High (in dollars per share) $ 54.75 $ 55.56 $ 51.81 $ 55.39 $ 60.77 $ 55.05 $ 57.13 $ 58.05 $ 55.56 $ 60.77  
Closing common stock price, Low (in dollars per share) $ 48.51 $ 46.44 $ 46.33 $ 49.10 $ 53.48 $ 50.72 $ 49.00 $ 48.64 $ 46.33 $ 48.64