v3.25.4
Postemployment benefit plans - Fair value of pension and other postretirement benefit plan assets, by category (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets $ 12,113 $ 11,898 $ 12,738
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 1,122 1,177  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Non-U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 1,012 956  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 5,717 5,465  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Non-U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 958 972  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 2,619 2,656  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | U.S. governmental agency      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 184 180  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Non-U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 151 132  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Cash, short-term instruments and other      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 350 360  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 1      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 2,115 2,081  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 1 | U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 1,049 1,087  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 1 | Non-U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 998 946  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 1 | U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 1 | Non-U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 1 | U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 1 | U.S. governmental agency      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 1 | Non-U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 1 | Cash, short-term instruments and other      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 68 48  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 2      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 9,521 9,348  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 2 | U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 1 0  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 2 | Non-U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 2 | U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 5,598 5,396  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 2 | Non-U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 958 972  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 2 | U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 2,619 2,656  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 2 | U.S. governmental agency      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 184 180  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 2 | Non-U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 151 132  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 2 | Cash, short-term instruments and other      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 10 12  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 3      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 64 71  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 3 | U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 22 28  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 3 | Non-U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 14 10  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 3 | U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 28 33  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 3 | Non-U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 3 | U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 3 | U.S. governmental agency      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 3 | Non-U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Level 3 | Cash, short-term instruments and other      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 413 398  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 50 62  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | Non-U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 91 36  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | Non-U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | U.S. governmental agency      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | Non-U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | U.S. Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | Cash, short-term instruments and other      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 272 300  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 3,454 3,203 3,467
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 78 74  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Non-U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 262 243  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Global equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 51 49  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 89 87  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Non-U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 917 468  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 73 61  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Non-U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 606 916  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Global fixed income      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 326 297  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Real estate      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 260 216  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Insurance contracts      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 577 601  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Cash, short-term instruments and other      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 215 191  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 1      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 375 338  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 1 | U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 78 74  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 1 | Non-U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 232 197  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 1 | Global equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 41 32  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 1 | U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 1 | Non-U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 1 | U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 1 | Non-U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 1 | Global fixed income      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 1 | Real estate      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 1 | Insurance contracts      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 1 | Cash, short-term instruments and other      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 24 35  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 2      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 2,266 2,025  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 2 | U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 2 | Non-U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 27 26  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 2 | Global equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 2 | U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 89 87  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 2 | Non-U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 917 468  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 2 | U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 73 61  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 2 | Non-U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 606 916  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 2 | Global fixed income      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 113 104  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 2 | Real estate      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 250 207  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 2 | Insurance contracts      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 2 | Cash, short-term instruments and other      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 191 156  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 3      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 577 601  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 3 | U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 3 | Non-U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 3 | Global equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 3 | U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 3 | Non-U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 3 | U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 3 | Non-U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 3 | Global fixed income      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 3 | Real estate      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 3 | Insurance contracts      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 577 601  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Level 3 | Cash, short-term instruments and other      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 236 239  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | Non-U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 3 20  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | Global equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 10 17  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | Non-U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | Non-U.S. government bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | Global fixed income      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 213 193  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | Real estate      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 10 9  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | Insurance contracts      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Pension Plan | Non-U.S.  Pension Benefits | Measured at NAV | Cash, short-term instruments and other      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Other Postretirement  Benefits      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 128 88 $ 144
Other Postretirement  Benefits | U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 49 43  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Non-U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 26 20  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 21 20  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Cash, short-term instruments and other      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 32 5  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Level 1      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 69 59  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Level 1 | U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 46 41  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Level 1 | Non-U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 23 18  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Level 1 | U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Level 1 | Cash, short-term instruments and other      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Level 2      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Level 2 | U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Level 2 | Non-U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Level 2 | U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Level 2 | Cash, short-term instruments and other      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Level 3      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Level 3 | U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Level 3 | Non-U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Level 3 | U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Level 3 | Cash, short-term instruments and other      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 0 0  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Measured at NAV      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 59 29  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Measured at NAV | U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 3 2  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Measured at NAV | Non-U.S. equities      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 3 2  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Measured at NAV | U.S. corporate bonds      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets 21 20  
Other Postretirement  Benefits | Measured at NAV | Cash, short-term instruments and other      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure      
Plan assets $ 32 $ 5